Traffic control devices are used to communicate roadway conditions and lawful requirements

[Rev. 5/1/2022 10:04:09 PM--2021]

CHAPTER 484B - RULES OF THE ROAD

DEFINITIONS

NRS 484B.003        Definitions.

NRS 484B.007        “Administrative roadblock” defined.

NRS 484B.010        “Business district” defined.

NRS 484B.017        “Electric bicycle” defined.

NRS 484B.018        “Electric scooter” defined.

NRS 484B.020        “Flammable liquid” defined.

NRS 484B.023        “Freight curb loading zone” defined.

NRS 484B.027        “House coach” defined.

NRS 484B.029        “Mobile carrying device” defined.

NRS 484B.030        “Parking meter” defined.

NRS 484B.033        “Passenger curb loading zone” defined.

NRS 484B.037        “Person with a disability of moderate duration” defined.

NRS 484B.040        “Person with a permanent disability” defined.

NRS 484B.043        “Person with a temporary disability” defined.

NRS 484B.047        “Railroad sign” and “railroad signal” defined.

NRS 484B.050        “Railroad train” defined.

NRS 484B.053        “Residence district” defined.

NRS 484B.057        “Safety zone” defined.

NRS 484B.060        “School crossing zone” defined.

NRS 484B.063        “School zone” defined.

NRS 484B.067        “Taxicab stand” defined.

NRS 484B.070        “Temporary roadblock” defined.

NRS 484B.073        “Two-directional highway” defined.

NRS 484B.077        “U-turn” defined.

GENERAL RULES AND APPLICABILITY

NRS 484B.100        Obedience to police officer. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.100        Obedience to police officer. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.103        Rights and duties of person riding animal or driving vehicle drawn by animal.

NRS 484B.107        Applicability of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS to person, motor vehicle or other equipment engaged in work upon highway.

NRS 484B.110        Driving through safety zone prohibited.

NRS 484B.113        Limitations on backing.

NRS 484B.117        Driving upon sidewalk; exceptions. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.117        Driving upon sidewalk prohibited; penalty; exceptions. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.120        Driving on defiles, canyons or mountain highways.

NRS 484B.123        Coasting prohibited in certain circumstances.

NRS 484B.127        Following too closely. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.127        Following too closely. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.130        Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in work zones; exception in certain temporary traffic control zones. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.130        Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in work zones; exception in certain temporary traffic control zones. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.135        Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in pedestrian safety zones; exception in certain pedestrian safety zones. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.135        Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in pedestrian safety zones; exception in certain pedestrian safety zones. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

RESTRICTIONS ON PERSONS IN VEHICLES

NRS 484B.150        Drinking alcoholic beverage while driving motor vehicle unlawful; open container of alcoholic beverage; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.150        Drinking alcoholic beverage while driving motor vehicle or open container of alcoholic beverage a misdemeanor; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.153        Boarding or alighting from vehicle; opening door of vehicle.

NRS 484B.157        Child less than 6 years of age and weighing 60 pounds or less to be secured in child restraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; requirements for system; penalties; programs of training; waiver or reduction of penalty under certain circumstances; application of section. [Effective through December 31, 2021.]

NRS 484B.157        Child less than 6 years of age and less than 57 inches tall to be secured in child restraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; child less than 2 years of age to be secured in rear-facing child restraint system in back seat with certain exceptions; requirements for system; penalties; programs of training; waiver or reduction of penalty under certain circumstances; application of section; acceptance of gifts, grants and donations for purchase of child restraint systems. [Effective January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.157        Child less than 6 years of age and less than 57 inches tall to be secured in child restraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; child less than 2 years of age to be secured in rear-facing child restraint system in back seat with certain exceptions; requirements for system; penalties; programs of training; waiver or reduction of penalty under certain circumstances; application of section; acceptance of gifts, grants and donations for purchase of child restraint systems. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.160        Person riding upon bed of flatbed truck or within bed of pickup truck. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.160        Person riding upon bed of flatbed truck or within bed of pickup truck prohibited; exceptions; citation and penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.163        Obstruction of or interference with driver’s view; interference with driver’s control over driving mechanism; vision of driver through required glass equipment; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.165        Using handheld wireless communications device to type or enter text, send or read data, engage in nonvoice communication or engage in voice communications without use of hands-free device unlawful; exceptions; penalty; additional penalty for violation in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.165        Using handheld wireless communications device to type or enter text, send or read data, engage in nonvoice communication or engage in voice communications without use of hands-free device prohibited; exceptions; penalty; additional penalty for violation in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.167        Riding in house trailer.

DIRECTION OF TRAVEL; OVERTAKING AND PASSING

NRS 484B.200        Driving on right half of highway required; exceptions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.203        Duties of drivers passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.207        Overtaking vehicle on left side: Duties of drivers of overtaking and overtaken vehicle; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.208        Duty of driver to move out of left lane when traveling at a certain rate of speed: When required; exceptions.

NRS 484B.210        When overtaking on right side allowed; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.213        Limitations on overtaking on left side; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.217        Zones in which overtaking on left side or making left-hand turn prohibited; exceptions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.220        One-way highway; rotary traffic island.

NRS 484B.223        Driving on highway having multiple marked lanes for traffic; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.227        Driving on divided highway: Prohibited turns; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

RIGHT-OF-WAY

NRS 484B.250        Vehicle approaching or entering intersection.

NRS 484B.253        Vehicle turning left.

NRS 484B.257        Vehicle entering intersection marked stop or yield.

NRS 484B.260        Vehicle entering highway from private way.

NRS 484B.263        Vehicle entering or exiting controlled-access highway: Duty to yield right-of-way.

NRS 484B.267        Operation of vehicle on approach of authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of regulatory agency. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.267        Operation of vehicle on approach of authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of regulatory agency; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.270        Vehicles, bicycles, electric bicycles, electric scooters and pedestrians: Driver’s duty of due care; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

PEDESTRIANS

NRS 484B.280        Duties of driver of motor vehicle to pedestrian; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or if violation committed in pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.283        Right-of-way in crosswalk; impeding ability of driver to yield prohibited; overtaking vehicle at crosswalk; obedience to signals and other devices for control of traffic; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or if violation committed in pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.287        When pedestrian must yield right-of-way to vehicle; when crossing at crosswalk is required; crossing diagonally; penalty.

NRS 484B.290        Right-of-way of person who is blind; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.290        Right-of-way of person who is blind; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.293        Direction of movement on crosswalk.

NRS 484B.297        Walking along and upon highways; solicitation of ride, business or contribution from driver or occupant of vehicle prohibited in certain circumstances; intoxicated pedestrian prohibited within traveled portion of highway; applicability to riders of animals; applicability where sidewalk is obstructed; penalty.

TRAFFIC SIGNS, SIGNALS AND MARKINGS

NRS 484B.300        Obedience to devices for control of traffic; exceptions; placement of devices; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.303        Disobedience of directions of device for control of traffic unlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.307        Traffic controlled by official traffic-control devices exhibiting different colored lights: Rights and duties of vehicular traffic and pedestrians depending upon particular signal displayed; exceptions for person driving motorcycle, moped or trimobile or riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter; signals placed over individual lanes; certain restrictions upon local authorities; additional penalty for violation committed in pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.310        Flashing signals.

NRS 484B.313        Display of unauthorized signs, signals, markings or street banners; limitation on placement of commercial advertising; removal as public nuisance; exceptions; use of advertising revenues to repay bonds.

NRS 484B.317        Interference with official device for control of traffic or sign or signal for railroad prohibited; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.317        Interference with official device for control of traffic or sign or signal for railroad unlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.320        Devices and mechanisms capable of interfering with or altering signal of traffic-control signal: General prohibition against operating and selling; seizure by police; presence in or on vehicle as prima facie evidence of violation; penalty; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone; exceptions for providers of mass transit and response agencies.

NRS 484B.323        Carpool lanes: Use of carpool lanes in conformance with signs; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.323        Carpool lanes: Use of carpool lanes in conformance with established conditions and signs; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.327        Unlawful to remove barriers and signs stating highway is closed to traffic; driving on such highway unlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.330        Obedience to signal of authorized flagger; prosecution of violations; penalties. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.330        Obedience to signal of authorized flagger; prosecution of violations; penalties. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

SCHOOL CROSSING GUARDS, SCHOOL ZONES AND SCHOOL BUSES

NRS 484B.350        Stop required in obedience to direction or traffic-control signal of school crossing guard; penalty; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

NRS 484B.353        Overtaking and passing school bus: Duties of driver; exceptions; penalties.

NRS 484B.357        Report by driver of school bus of failure of driver of vehicle to stop; submission of report to school district and Department; provision of notice to owner of vehicle.

NRS 484B.360        Maximum speed of school bus.

NRS 484B.363        School zone or school crossing zone: Speed limit; designation; signs; U-turn and overtaking another vehicle prohibited; determination of hours in which speed limit is in effect; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

NRS 484B.367        School zone or school crossing zone: Requirements for signs; placement of portable signs.

TURNING AND STARTING; SIGNALS ON STOPPING AND TURNING

NRS 484B.400        Required position and method of turning at intersections.

NRS 484B.403        When U-turns are authorized and prohibited; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.407        Turning on curve or crest of grade prohibited in certain circumstances.

NRS 484B.410        Starting parked vehicle.

NRS 484B.413        Requirements for turning on highway; signal for stopping or decreasing speed.

NRS 484B.417        Signal by hand and arm or signal lamp or device authorized.

NRS 484B.420        Methods of giving signals by hand and arm.

STOPPING, STANDING AND PARKING

NRS 484B.440        Stopping, standing or parking outside of business or residence district.

NRS 484B.443        Law enforcement officer authorized to remove certain vehicles and property; protocol for selection and use of towing services; duties and liability of person removing vehicle or property; responsibility for cost of removal.

NRS 484B.447        Preservation of criminal evidence when vehicle is removed from highway.

NRS 484B.450        Stopping, standing or parking prohibited in specified places; exceptions.

NRS 484B.453        Prohibited parking in front of theaters, hotels and other buildings.

NRS 484B.457        Parallel and angle parking; stopping, standing and parking on highways under jurisdiction of Department of Transportation.

NRS 484B.460        Parking at angle designated by devices permitting angle parking.

NRS 484B.463        Special license plate or plates and special or temporary parking placards and stickers: Use; alternative use of special plate or plates issued to veteran with a disability; limitations. [Effective until the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

NRS 484B.463        Special license plate or plates and special or temporary parking placards and stickers: Use; alternative use of special plate or plates issued to veteran with a disability; limitations. [Effective on the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to enable the Department to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

NRS 484B.467        Parking space designated for persons who are handicapped: Signs; required plates, stickers or placards for parking; prohibited acts; penalty. [Effective until the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

NRS 484B.467        Parking space designated for persons who are handicapped: Signs; required plates, stickers or placards for parking; prohibited acts; penalty. [Effective on the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to enable the Department to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

NRS 484B.468        Parking space designated for charging electric or hybrid electric vehicles: Signs; prohibited acts; penalties.

NRS 484B.470        Local law enforcement agency authorized to appoint volunteers to enforce certain laws concerning parking for persons who are handicapped.

NRS 484B.473        Parked vehicle at nighttime: Reflectors; lights.

NRS 484B.477        Stopping, standing or parking in alley.

NRS 484B.480        All-night parking.

NRS 484B.483        Parking for certain purposes prohibited.

NRS 484B.487        Parking adjacent to school.

NRS 484B.490        Parking on narrow highway.

NRS 484B.493        Standing or parking on one-way street.

NRS 484B.497        Standing or parking on one-way roadway.

NRS 484B.500        Stopping, standing or parking near hazardous or congested place.

NRS 484B.503        Stopping, standing or parking in zone for loading passengers at curb.

NRS 484B.507        Stopping, standing or parking in zone for loading freight at curb.

NRS 484B.510        Stopping, standing or parking in restricted parking zone.

NRS 484B.513        Stopping, standing and parking of bus or taxicab.

NRS 484B.517        Restricted use of bus and taxicab stands.

NRS 484B.520        Regulation of stopping, standing or parking by local authority.

NRS 484B.523        Stopping, standing or parking in metered parking zone; unlawful tampering with meter.

NRS 484B.527        Local authority authorized to file notice of nonpayment with Department if registered owner of motor vehicle fails to pay certain penalties, fines or other charges; contents of notice; regulations.

NRS 484B.530        Unattended motor vehicle: Stopping engine, locking ignition and removing key.

NRS 484B.533        Unattended motor vehicle: Standing on grade.

SPECIAL STOPS

Signal by Peace Officer

NRS 484B.550        Stop required upon signal of peace officer; manner in which signal must be given; penalties.

Railroad Grade Crossings

NRS 484B.553        Obedience to signal indicating approach of railroad train or other on-track equipment.

NRS 484B.557        Stop required at certain railroad grade crossings.

NRS 484B.560        Certain vehicles required to stop at all railroad grade crossings; exceptions; vehicles required to completely cross railroad grade crossings.

NRS 484B.563        Moving heavy equipment at railroad grade crossing.

Roadblocks

NRS 484B.570        Administrative roadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

NRS 484B.573        Temporary roadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

NRS 484B.574        Flooding or water on roadway: Liability for expenses if person travels through temporary roadblock or is convicted of reckless driving; limitations on liability and expenses; immunity from liability.

NRS 484B.577        Authority of police officers not limited by provisions relating to roadblocks.

NRS 484B.580        Failure to stop at roadblock; penalties.

Controlled-Access Highway

NRS 484B.587        Obedience to signs relating to controlled-access highway; restrictions on driving on controlled-access highway; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

NRS 484B.590        Heavy-vehicle lanes: Authority of Department of Transportation to erect advisory signs on controlled-access facilities.

NRS 484B.593        Restrictions on use of controlled-access highway; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.593        Restrictions on use of controlled-access highway; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

RESTRICTIONS ON SPEED

NRS 484B.600        Basic rule; additional penalties for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone or if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter; discretion of court to reduce violation in certain circumstances; maximum fine. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.600        Basic rule; penalties; discretion of court to reduce violation in certain circumstances; maximum fine; unlawful act. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.603        Duty of driver to decrease speed under certain circumstances; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

NRS 484B.607        Duties of driver when approaching traffic incident; penalty.

NRS 484B.610        Speed limit in unincorporated town; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.610        Speed limit in unincorporated town; penalties. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.613        Speed limit: Establishment for vehicles on highways constructed and maintained by Department of Transportation; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.613        Speed limit: Establishment for vehicles on highways constructed and maintained by Department of Transportation; penalties. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.617        Certain violations of speed limit in rural areas: Fines; Department not to record violation on driver’s record; violation not deemed moving traffic violation. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.617        Certain violations of speed limit in rural areas: Penalties; violation not recorded on driver’s record and not deemed moving traffic violation. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.620        Speed zones and signs. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.620        Establishment of speed zones and installation of signs; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.621        Establishment of State Route 159 Safety Speed Zone; considerations when establishing maximum speed; adequate signage or other forms of notice required to be evaluated and installed to support maximum speed established.

NRS 484B.623        Slow driving; establishment of minimum speed limit.

NRS 484B.627        Duties of driver or operator driving or operating motor vehicle at speed so slow as to impede forward movement of traffic; prohibition against stopping vehicle on roadway so as to impede or block normal and reasonable movement of traffic; exception.

NRS 484B.630        Circumstances in which driver or operator of slow-moving vehicle has duty to turn off roadway; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.630        Circumstances in which driver or operator of slow-moving vehicle has duty to turn off roadway; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.633        Special limitations on speed.

NRS 484B.637        “Low-speed vehicle” defined; highways upon which low-speed vehicles may be operated; exception.

AGGRESSIVE DRIVING; RECKLESS DRIVING; VEHICULAR MANSLAUGHTER

NRS 484B.650        Acts constituting aggressive driving; penalties; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.650        Acts constituting aggressive driving; penalties; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.653        Reckless driving, organization of unauthorized speed contests and driving in or facilitating unauthorized trick driving displays prohibited; penalties; court to suspend driver’s license of certain offenders; additional penalties for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone or if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle; court may order impounding vehicle of certain offenders.

NRS 484B.657        Vehicular manslaughter; penalty; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

EMERGENCY VEHICLES AND PROCESSIONS

NRS 484B.700        Privileges granted to driver of authorized emergency vehicle, official vehicle of regulatory agency or vehicle escorting funeral procession; application of privileges; limitation of privileges.

NRS 484B.703        Driving through funeral or other procession.

NRS 484B.707        Driving in procession.

NRS 484B.710        Following fire apparatus prohibited.

ACTIONS AND DEVICES RELATED TO SAFETY

NRS 484B.740        Fusee: Limitation on color.

NRS 484B.743        Reflective material required for person directing or controlling traffic near school.

NRS 484B.747        Operator of tow car to place warning signs when rendering assistance to disabled vehicle on certain roadways.

NRS 484B.748        Use of flashing amber warning lights or nonflashing blue lights on tow car at scene of traffic hazard; compliance with standards approved by Department.

NRS 484B.750        Placement of red flares, red lanterns, warning lights or reflectors by tow car operator near warning signs when rendering assistance to disabled vehicle on highway in certain circumstances.

NRS 484B.753        When operator of tow car authorized to tow vehicle with person inside. [Effective until the date on which the Secretary of the United States Department of Transportation, or his or her authorized representative, rescinds that portion of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208 (49 C.F.R. § 571.208) which requires the installation of automatic restraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, unless the Secretary’s decision to rescind is not based on the enactment or continued operation of section 1 of chapter 29, Statutes of Nevada 2009.]

NRS 484B.753        When operator of tow car authorized to tow vehicle with person inside. [Effective on the date on which the Secretary of the United States Department of Transportation, or his or her authorized representative, rescinds that portion of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208 (49 C.F.R. § 571.208) which requires the installation of automatic restraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, unless the Secretary’s decision to rescind is not based on the enactment or continued operation of section 1 of chapter 29, Statutes of Nevada 2009.]

NRS 484B.757        Use of flashing amber warning lights by private patrol officer.

OPERATION OF BICYCLES, ELECTRIC BICYCLES, ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOBILE CARRYING DEVICES

NRS 484B.760        Penalty for violation of provisions; responsibility of parent of child or guardian of ward; applicability of provisions to bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.760        Penalty for violation of provisions; responsibility of parent of child or guardian of ward; applicability of provisions to bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.763        Application of traffic laws to person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

NRS 484B.767        Certain persons operating bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter while on duty not required to comply with laws in certain circumstances.

NRS 484B.768        Required action of operator of bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter when turning from direct course; when signal not required.

NRS 484B.769        Signals required to be given by operator of bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter on roadway.

NRS 484B.770        Person riding bicycle or electric bicycle must be on or astride seat; limitation on number of persons carried on bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

NRS 484B.773        Attaching to vehicle upon roadway prohibited.

NRS 484B.777        Operating bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter on roadway.

NRS 484B.780        Carrying articles on bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

NRS 484B.783        Lamps, reflectors and brakes required on bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters.

NRS 484B.784        Electric bicycle to be labeled by manufacturer or distributor; contents of label; equipment, manufacturing and operational requirements of electric bicycles; certain modifications of electric bicycle prohibited unless label is updated.

NRS 484B.785        Operation of electric scooter: Limitations on place and speed; applicability of laws; rights and duties of operator.

NRS 484B.790        Mobile carrying device: Operation on sidewalks and crosswalks; limitations; duties of operator; device has rights and duties of pedestrian; penalties.

INFORMATION CONCERNING TRAFFIC STOPS

NRS 484B.800        Definitions.

NRS 484B.803        “Department” defined.

NRS 484B.807        “Disability” defined.

NRS 484B.810        “Gender identity or expression” defined.

NRS 484B.813        “Law enforcement agency” defined.

NRS 484B.817        “Law enforcement officer” defined.

NRS 484B.820        “Profiling” defined.

NRS 484B.823        “Sexual orientation” defined.

NRS 484B.827        “Traffic stop” defined.

NRS 484B.830        Standardized method to record in electronic traffic citation system: Development and implementation; information to be recorded; training and procedures; report; purpose.

NRS 484B.833        Standardized method to record for traffic stops for which written citations or warnings issued: Development and implementation; information to be recorded; training and procedures; forms; report; purpose.

NRS 484B.837        Department may contract with third party to review information and conduct statistical analysis; report on results of analysis; Department shall seek gifts, grants and donations to enable contract with third party.

NRS 484B.840        Department: Review of reports from third party contractor; provision of advice and assistance to law enforcement agencies; presentation to Peace Officers’ Standards and Training Commission.

NRS 484B.843        Department: Duty to record information in a central repository and make recorded data available to public. [Effective October 1, 2021, if the Department of Public Safety is able to perform its duties under this section using existing resources, or on the date on which federal funding is obtained to carry out the provisions of NRS 484B.800 to 484B.847, inclusive, if the Department of Public Safety is not able to perform its duties under this section using existing resources.]

NRS 484B.847        Regulations.

MISCELLANEOUS RULES

NRS 484B.900        Rental agency not liable for traffic violation by user of rented vehicle. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

NRS 484B.900        Rental agency not liable for traffic violation by user of leased or rented vehicle under certain circumstances. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

NRS 484B.903        Putting glass or other injurious substance on highway prohibited.

NRS 484B.907        Violation of curfew by drivers who are 16 or 17 years of age; exception for scheduled events; violation does not constitute primary offense.

NRS 484B.910        Motor must be shut off when supply tank being filled with fuel.

NRS 484B.913        Crossing fire hose.

NRS 484B.917        Police officer to remove and destroy lights and sirens unlawfully installed or operated.

NRS 484B.920        Permits required for certain parades and processions, sound trucks and oversized or overweight vehicles or equipment; duties of Department of Transportation; authority of cities and counties to provide recommendations and notice; regulations; penalty.

_________

DEFINITIONS

      NRS 484B.003  Definitions.  As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires, the words and terms defined in NRS 484B.007 to 484B.077, inclusive, have the meanings ascribed to them in those sections.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1202, 1476; A 1973, 448; 1975, 1076; 1981, 621; 1987, 1073; 1989, 291, 798; 1993, 1392, 1414, 2586; 1995, 568; 1999, 3415; 2003, 380; 2005, 21, 72; 2009, 397; 2019, 1885, 3100)—(Substituted in revision for part of NRS 484.013)

      NRS 484B.007  “Administrative roadblock” defined.  “Administrative roadblock” means any structure, device or means used by police officers to control all traffic through a point on the highway whereby all vehicles may be slowed or stopped for a lawful purpose other than identifying the occupants of the vehicles or an emergency.

      (Added to NRS by 1987, 1072)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.014)

      NRS 484B.010  “Business district” defined.  “Business district” means the territory contiguous to and including a highway when within any 600 feet along such highway there are buildings in use for business or industrial purposes, including, but not limited to, hotels, banks or office buildings, railroad stations and public buildings which occupy at least 300 feet of frontage on one side or 300 feet collectively on both sides of the highway.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1476)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.027)

      NRS 484B.017  “Electric bicycle” defined.  “Electric bicycle” means a device upon which a person may ride, having two or three wheels, or every such device generally recognized as a bicycle that has fully operable pedals, a seat or saddle for the rider, an electric motor which produces not more than 750 watts and meets the requirements of one of the following three classes:

      1.  “Class 1 electric bicycle” means an electric bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour.

      2.  “Class 2 electric bicycle” means an electric bicycle equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour.

      3.  “Class 3 electric bicycle” means an electric bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per hour.

Ê The term does not include a moped or an electric scooter.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 397; A 2019, 1885; 2021, 1743)

      NRS 484B.018  “Electric scooter” defined.  “Electric scooter” means a vehicle with handlebars and an electric motor that is designed to be ridden on in an upright or seated position and propelled by its electric motor or by propulsion provided by the rider. Such a vehicle:

      1.  Must not weigh more than 100 pounds without a rider; and

      2.  Must have a maximum speed of not more than 20 miles per hour when powered solely by its electric motor.

      (Added to NRS by 2019, 1885)

      NRS 484B.020  “Flammable liquid” defined.  “Flammable liquid” means any liquid which has a flash point of 70° F., or less, as determined by a tagliabue or equivalent closed-cup test device.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.061)

      NRS 484B.023  “Freight curb loading zone” defined.  “Freight curb loading zone” means a space adjacent to a curb for the exclusive use of vehicles during the loading or unloading of freight.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.063)

      NRS 484B.027  “House coach” defined.  “House coach” means a motor vehicle which is designed, constructed and equipped as a dwelling place or living abode, either permanently or temporarily.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1478)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.067)

      NRS 484B.029  “Mobile carrying device” defined.  “Mobile carrying device” means an electrically powered wheeled device that:

      1.  Is designed to operate semi-autonomously not more than 25 feet from its operator;

      2.  Is equipped with technology that allows for active monitoring of the operation of the device by the operator;

      3.  Is intended primarily to transport personal property on sidewalks and crosswalks;

      4.  Weighs less than 90 pounds when empty; and

      5.  Has a maximum speed of 12.5 miles per hour.

      (Added to NRS by 2019, 3099)

      NRS 484B.030  “Parking meter” defined.  “Parking meter” means a mechanical timing device authorized by an ordinance of a municipality to be used for the purpose of regulating parking.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.099)

      NRS 484B.033  “Passenger curb loading zone” defined.  “Passenger curb loading zone” means an area adjacent to a curb or edge of a highway reserved for the exclusive use of vehicles during the loading or unloading of passengers.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1479)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.109)

      NRS 484B.037  “Person with a disability of moderate duration” defined.  “Person with a disability of moderate duration” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.3833.

      (Added to NRS by 2003, 380)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.1115)

      NRS 484B.040  “Person with a permanent disability” defined.  “Person with a permanent disability” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.3837.

      (Added to NRS by 2003, 380)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.1135)

      NRS 484B.043  “Person with a temporary disability” defined.  “Person with a temporary disability” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.3839.

      (Added to NRS by 2003, 380)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.1145)

      NRS 484B.047  “Railroad sign” and “railroad signal” defined.  “Railroad sign” or “railroad signal” means any sign, signal or device erected by a public authority or by a railroad and intended to give notice of the presence of railroad tracks or the approach of a railroad train.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.131)

      NRS 484B.050  “Railroad train” defined.  “Railroad train” means a steam, electric or other motor engine, with or without cars coupled thereto, operated upon stationary rails, except streetcars.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.134)

      NRS 484B.053  “Residence district” defined.  “Residence district” means the territory contiguous to a highway not comprising a business district when the frontage on such for a distance of 300 feet or more is mainly occupied by dwellings or by dwellings and buildings in use for residence.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.136)

      NRS 484B.057  “Safety zone” defined.  “Safety zone” means the area officially set aside within a highway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is so plainly marked or indicated by proper signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1480)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.146)

      NRS 484B.060  “School crossing zone” defined.  “School crossing zone” means those sections of streets not adjacent to school property that pupils cross while following a designated walking route to school.

      (Added to NRS by 1993, 2586)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.1485)

      NRS 484B.063  “School zone” defined.  “School zone” means those sections of streets which are adjacent to school property.

      (Added to NRS by 1993, 2586)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.149)

      NRS 484B.067  “Taxicab stand” defined.  “Taxicab stand” means a fixed area in a highway parallel and adjacent to the curb or edge of the highway and set aside for taxicabs to stand for passengers.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1481)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.193)

      NRS 484B.070  “Temporary roadblock” defined.  “Temporary roadblock” means any structure, device or means used by police officers to control traffic at a place on a highway whereby vehicles may be slowed or stopped:

      1.  To identify the occupants of those vehicles; or

      2.  Because of the existence of an emergency.

      (Added to NRS by 1987, 1072)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.194)

      NRS 484B.073  “Two-directional highway” defined.  “Two-directional highway” means an undivided highway upon which vehicles are allowed to proceed in opposite directions.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1973, 449)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.215)

      NRS 484B.077  “U-turn” defined.  “U-turn” means the turning of a vehicle upon a highway so as to proceed in the opposite direction, whether accomplished by one continuous movement or not.

      (Added to NRS by 1971, 1141)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.216)

GENERAL RULES AND APPLICABILITY

      NRS 484B.100  Obedience to police officer. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]  It is unlawful for any person willfully to fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order or direction of any police officer while the officer is performing the duties of the officer in the enforcement of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1973, 282)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.253)

      NRS 484B.100  Obedience to police officer. [Effective January 1, 2023.]  It is a misdemeanor for any person willfully to fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order or direction of any police officer while the officer is performing the duties of the officer in the enforcement of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1973, 282; 2021, 3325, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.253)

      NRS 484B.103  Rights and duties of person riding animal or driving vehicle drawn by animal.  Every person riding an animal or driving any animal-drawn vehicle upon a highway shall be granted all of the rights and shall be subject to all of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle, except those provisions which by their nature can have no application.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1482)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.257)

      NRS 484B.107  Applicability of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS to person, motor vehicle or other equipment engaged in work upon highway.

      1.  Except for the provisions of chapter 484C of NRS and any provisions made applicable by specific statute, the provisions of this chapter and chapters 484A, 484D and 484E of NRS do not apply to persons, teams, motor vehicles and other equipment while actually engaged in work upon the surface of a highway.

      2.  The provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS apply to the persons, teams, motor vehicles and other equipment described in subsection 1 when traveling to or from such work.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1482; A 1973, 1323; 1983, 1068; 1999, 3415; 2005, 139)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.259)

      NRS 484B.110  Driving through safety zone prohibited.  No vehicle shall at any time be driven through or within a safety zone.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.495)

      NRS 484B.113  Limitations on backing.  The driver of a vehicle:

      1.  Shall not back the vehicle unless such movement can be made with reasonable safety and without interfering with other traffic;

      2.  Shall not back into an intersection, on or over a crosswalk, or around a street corner; and

      3.  Shall in every case yield the right-of-way to moving traffic and pedestrians.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1498)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.449)

      NRS 484B.117  Driving upon sidewalk; exceptions. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, the driver of a vehicle shall not drive upon or within any sidewalk area except at a permanent or temporary driveway or alley entrance.

      2.  The provisions of subsection 1 do not apply to a vehicle that is powered solely by electricity and designed to travel on three wheels when such a vehicle is operated:

      (a) As an authorized emergency vehicle;

      (b) By an officer or other authorized employee of a law enforcement agency, as that term is defined in NRS 239C.065, in the course of his or her official duties; or

      (c) By a security guard, as that term is defined in NRS 648.016, in the course of his or her official duties.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 2015, 213)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.451)

      NRS 484B.117  Driving upon sidewalk prohibited; penalty; exceptions. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, the driver of a vehicle shall not drive upon or within any sidewalk area except at a permanent or temporary driveway or alley entrance. A person who violates this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      2.  The provisions of subsection 1 do not apply to a vehicle that is powered solely by electricity and designed to travel on three wheels when such a vehicle is operated:

      (a) As an authorized emergency vehicle;

      (b) By an officer or other authorized employee of a law enforcement agency, as that term is defined in NRS 239C.065, in the course of his or her official duties; or

      (c) By a security guard, as that term is defined in NRS 648.016, in the course of his or her official duties.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 2015, 213; 2021, 3325, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.451)

      NRS 484B.120  Driving on defiles, canyons or mountain highways.  The driver of a motor vehicle traveling through defiles or canyons or on mountain highways shall hold such motor vehicle under control and as near the right hand edge of the highway as reasonably possible.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.457)

      NRS 484B.123  Coasting prohibited in certain circumstances.

      1.  The driver of any motor vehicle when traveling upon a downgrade shall not coast with the gears of such vehicle in neutral.

      2.  The driver of a commercial motor vehicle when traveling upon a downgrade shall not coast with the clutch disengaged.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.459)

      NRS 484B.127  Following too closely. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  The driver of a vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of such vehicles and the traffic upon and the condition of the highway.

      2.  The driver of any truck or combination of vehicles 80 inches or more in overall width, which is following a truck, or combination of vehicles 80 inches or more in overall width, shall, whenever conditions permit, leave a space of 500 feet so that an overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy such space without danger, but this shall not prevent a truck or combination of vehicles from overtaking and passing any vehicle or combination of vehicles. This subsection does not apply to any vehicle or combination of vehicles while moving on a highway on which there are two or more lanes available for traffic moving in the same direction.

      3.  Motor vehicles being driven upon any highway outside of a business district in a caravan or motorcade, whether or not towing other vehicles, shall be operated to allow sufficient space between each such vehicle or combination of vehicles so as to enable any other vehicle or combination of vehicles to enter and occupy such space without danger.

      4.  This section does not apply to a vehicle which is using driver-assistive platooning technology, as defined in NRS 482A.032.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1489; A 2017, 4469)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.307)

      NRS 484B.127  Following too closely. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  The driver of a vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of such vehicles and the traffic upon and the condition of the highway.

      2.  The driver of any truck or combination of vehicles 80 inches or more in overall width, which is following a truck, or combination of vehicles 80 inches or more in overall width, shall, whenever conditions permit, leave a space of 500 feet so that an overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy such space without danger, but this shall not prevent a truck or combination of vehicles from overtaking and passing any vehicle or combination of vehicles. This subsection does not apply to any vehicle or combination of vehicles while moving on a highway on which there are two or more lanes available for traffic moving in the same direction.

      3.  Motor vehicles being driven upon any highway outside of a business district in a caravan or motorcade, whether or not towing other vehicles, shall be operated to allow sufficient space between each such vehicle or combination of vehicles so as to enable any other vehicle or combination of vehicles to enter and occupy such space without danger.

      4.  A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      5.  This section does not apply to a vehicle which is using driver-assistive platooning technology, as defined in NRS 482A.032.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1489; A 2017, 4469; 2021, 3325, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.307)

      NRS 484B.130  Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in work zones; exception in certain temporary traffic control zones. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and 6, a person who is convicted of a violation of a speed limit, or of NRS 484B.150, 484B.163, 484B.165, 484B.200 to 484B.217, inclusive, 484B.223, 484B.227, 484B.300, 484B.303, 484B.317, 484B.320, 484B.327, 484B.330, 484B.403, 484B.587, 484B.600, 484B.603, 484B.650, 484B.653, 484B.657, 484C.110 or 484C.120, that occurred:

      (a) In an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone; and

      (b) At a time when the workers who are performing construction, maintenance or repair of the highway or other work are present, or when the effects of the act may be aggravated because of the condition of the highway caused by construction, maintenance or repair, including, without limitation, reduction in lane width, reduction in the number of lanes, shifting of lanes from the designated alignment and uneven or temporary surfaces, including, without limitation, modifications to road beds, cement-treated bases, chip seals and other similar conditions,

Ê shall be punished by imprisonment or by a fine, or both, for a term or an amount equal to and in addition to the term of imprisonment or amount of the fine, or both, that the court imposes for the primary offense. Any term of imprisonment imposed pursuant to this subsection runs consecutively with the sentence prescribed by the court for the crime. This subsection does not create a separate offense, but provides an additional penalty for the primary offense, whose imposition is contingent upon the finding of the prescribed fact.

      2.  The additional penalty imposed pursuant to subsection 1 must not exceed a total of $1,000, 6 months of imprisonment or 120 hours of community service.

      3.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 5, a governmental entity that designates an area or authorizes the designation of an area as a temporary traffic control zone in which construction, maintenance or repair of a highway or other work is conducted, or the person with whom the governmental entity contracts to provide such service, shall cause to be erected:

      (a) A sign located before the beginning of such an area stating “DOUBLE PENALTIES IN WORK ZONES” to indicate a double penalty may be imposed pursuant to this section;

      (b) A sign to mark the beginning of the temporary traffic control zone; and

      (c) A sign to mark the end of the temporary traffic control zone.

      4.  A person who otherwise would be subject to an additional penalty pursuant to this section is not relieved of any criminal liability because signs are not erected as required by subsection 3 if the violation results in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or other work in the temporary traffic control zone or in damage to property in an amount equal to $1,000 or more.

      5.  The requirements of subsection 3 do not apply to an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone:

      (a) Pursuant to an emergency which results from a natural or other disaster and which threatens the health, safety or welfare of the public; or

      (b) On a public highway where the posted speed limit is 25 miles per hour or less and that provides access to or is appurtenant to a residential area.

      6.  A person who would otherwise be subject to an additional penalty pursuant to this section is not subject to an additional penalty if the violation occurred in a temporary traffic control zone for which signs are not erected pursuant to subsection 5, unless the violation results in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or other work in the temporary traffic control zone or in damage to property in an amount equal to $1,000 or more.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 1481; A 2001 Special Session, 146; 2003, 3242; 2005, 78, 938; 2007, 2794; 2009, 681; 2011, 3648)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3667)

      NRS 484B.130  Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in work zones; exception in certain temporary traffic control zones. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and 6, a person who is found to have committed a violation of a speed limit, or convicted of or found to have committed a violation of NRS 484B.150, 484B.163, 484B.165, 484B.200 to 484B.217, inclusive, 484B.223, 484B.227, 484B.300, 484B.303, 484B.317, 484B.320, 484B.327, 484B.330, 484B.403, 484B.587, 484B.600, 484B.603, 484B.650, 484B.653, 484B.657, 484C.110 or 484C.120, that occurred:

      (a) In an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone; and

      (b) At a time when the workers who are performing construction, maintenance or repair of the highway or other work are present, or when the effects of the act may be aggravated because of the condition of the highway caused by construction, maintenance or repair, including, without limitation, reduction in lane width, reduction in the number of lanes, shifting of lanes from the designated alignment and uneven or temporary surfaces, including, without limitation, modifications to road beds, cement-treated bases, chip seals and other similar conditions,

Ê shall, if the violation is a criminal offense, be punished by imprisonment or by a fine, or both, for a term or an amount equal to and in addition to the term of imprisonment or amount of the fine, or both, that the court imposes for the primary offense or shall, if the violation is a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, be punished by a civil penalty in an amount equal to and in addition to the civil penalty that the court imposes for the primary civil infraction. Any term of imprisonment imposed pursuant to this subsection runs consecutively with the sentence prescribed by the court for the crime. This subsection does not create a separate offense or civil infraction, but provides an additional penalty for the primary offense or civil infraction, whose imposition is contingent upon the finding of the prescribed fact.

      2.  If a violation described in subsection 1 is:

      (a) A criminal offense, the additional penalty imposed pursuant to subsection 1 must not exceed a total of $1,000, 6 months of imprisonment or 120 hours of community service.

      (b) A civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, the additional penalty imposed pursuant to subsection 1 must not exceed a total of $250.

      3.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 5, a governmental entity that designates an area or authorizes the designation of an area as a temporary traffic control zone in which construction, maintenance or repair of a highway or other work is conducted, or the person with whom the governmental entity contracts to provide such service, shall cause to be erected:

      (a) A sign located before the beginning of such an area stating “DOUBLE PENALTIES IN WORK ZONES” to indicate a double penalty may be imposed pursuant to this section;

      (b) A sign to mark the beginning of the temporary traffic control zone; and

      (c) A sign to mark the end of the temporary traffic control zone.

      4.  A person who otherwise would be subject to an additional penalty pursuant to this section is not relieved of any criminal liability or liability for a civil infraction because signs are not erected as required by subsection 3 if the violation results in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or other work in the temporary traffic control zone or in damage to property in an amount equal to $1,000 or more.

      5.  The requirements of subsection 3 do not apply to an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone:

      (a) Pursuant to an emergency which results from a natural or other disaster and which threatens the health, safety or welfare of the public; or

      (b) On a public highway where the posted speed limit is 25 miles per hour or less and that provides access to or is appurtenant to a residential area.

      6.  A person who would otherwise be subject to an additional penalty pursuant to this section is not subject to an additional penalty if the violation occurred in a temporary traffic control zone for which signs are not erected pursuant to subsection 5, unless the violation results in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or other work in the temporary traffic control zone or in damage to property in an amount equal to $1,000 or more.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 1481; A 2001 Special Session, 146; 2003, 3242; 2005, 78, 938; 2007, 2794; 2009, 681; 2011, 3648; 2021, 3326, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3667)

      NRS 484B.135  Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in pedestrian safety zones; exception in certain pedestrian safety zones. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and 4, a person who is convicted of a violation of a speed limit, or of NRS 484B.150, 484B.163, 484B.165, 484B.200 to 484B.217, inclusive, 484B.223, 484B.227, 484B.280, 484B.283, 484B.300, 484B.303, 484B.307, 484B.317, 484B.320, 484B.327, 484B.403, 484B.600, 484B.603, 484B.650, 484B.653, 484B.657, 484C.110 or 484C.120, that occurred in an area designated as a pedestrian safety zone may be punished by imprisonment or by a fine, or both, for a term or an amount equal to and in addition to the term of imprisonment or amount of the fine, or both, that the court imposes for the primary offense. Any term of imprisonment imposed pursuant to this subsection runs consecutively with the sentence prescribed by the court for the crime. This subsection does not create a separate offense, but provides an additional penalty for the primary offense, whose imposition is discretionary with the court and contingent upon the finding of the prescribed fact.

      2.  The additional penalty imposed pursuant to subsection 1 must not exceed a total of $1,000, 6 months of imprisonment or 120 hours of community service.

      3.  A governmental entity that designates a pedestrian safety zone shall cause to be erected:

      (a) A sign located before the beginning of the pedestrian safety zone which provides notice that higher fines may apply in pedestrian safety zones;

      (b) A sign to mark the beginning of the pedestrian safety zone; and

      (c) A sign to mark the end of the pedestrian safety zone.

      4.  A person who would otherwise be subject to an additional penalty pursuant to this section is not subject to such an additional penalty if, with respect to the pedestrian safety zone in which the violation occurred:

      (a) A sign is not erected before the beginning of the pedestrian safety zone as required by paragraph (a) of subsection 3 to provide notice that higher fines may apply in pedestrian safety zones; or

      (b) Signs are not erected as required by paragraphs (b) and (c) of subsection 3 to mark the beginning and end of the pedestrian safety zone.

      5.  The governing body of a local government or the Department of Transportation may designate a pedestrian safety zone on a highway if the governing body or the Department of Transportation:

      (a) Makes findings as to the necessity and appropriateness of a pedestrian safety zone, including, without limitation, any circumstances on or near a highway which make an area of the highway dangerous for pedestrians; and

      (b) Complies with the requirements of subsection 3 and NRS 484A.430 and 484A.440.

      (Added to NRS by 2015, 1560; A 2021, 379)

      NRS 484B.135  Double penalty for certain traffic violations committed in pedestrian safety zones; exception in certain pedestrian safety zones. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and 4, a person who is found to have committed a violation of a speed limit, or convicted of or found to have committed a violation of NRS 484B.150, 484B.163, 484B.165, 484B.200 to 484B.217, inclusive, 484B.223, 484B.227, 484B.280, 484B.283, 484B.300, 484B.303, 484B.307, 484B.317, 484B.320, 484B.327, 484B.403, 484B.600, 484B.603, 484B.650, 484B.653, 484B.657, 484C.110 or 484C.120, that occurred in an area designated as a pedestrian safety zone may:

      (a) If the violation is a criminal offense, be punished by imprisonment or by a fine, or both, for a term or an amount equal to and in addition to the term of imprisonment or amount of the fine, or both, that the court imposes for the primary offense.

      (b) If the violation is a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, be punished by a civil penalty in an amount equal to and in addition to the civil penalty that the court imposes for the primary infraction.

Ê Any term of imprisonment imposed pursuant to this subsection runs consecutively with the sentence prescribed by the court for the crime. This subsection does not create a separate offense or civil infraction but provides an additional penalty for the primary offense or civil infraction, whose imposition is discretionary with the court and contingent upon the finding of the prescribed fact.

      2.  If a violation described in subsection 1 is:

      (a) A criminal offense, the additional penalty imposed pursuant to subsection 1 must not exceed a total of $1,000, 6 months of imprisonment or 120 hours of community service.

      (b) A civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, the additional penalty imposed pursuant to subsection 1 must not exceed a total of $250.

      3.  A governmental entity that designates a pedestrian safety zone shall cause to be erected:

      (a) A sign located before the beginning of the pedestrian safety zone which provides notice that higher fines and civil penalties may apply in pedestrian safety zones;

      (b) A sign to mark the beginning of the pedestrian safety zone; and

      (c) A sign to mark the end of the pedestrian safety zone.

      4.  A person who would otherwise be subject to an additional penalty pursuant to this section is not subject to such an additional penalty if, with respect to the pedestrian safety zone in which the violation occurred:

      (a) A sign is not erected before the beginning of the pedestrian safety zone as required by paragraph (a) of subsection 3 to provide notice that higher fines and civil penalties may apply in pedestrian safety zones; or

      (b) Signs are not erected as required by paragraphs (b) and (c) of subsection 3 to mark the beginning and end of the pedestrian safety zone.

      5.  The governing body of a local government or the Department of Transportation may designate a pedestrian safety zone on a highway if the governing body or the Department of Transportation:

      (a) Makes findings as to the necessity and appropriateness of a pedestrian safety zone, including, without limitation, any circumstances on or near a highway which make an area of the highway dangerous for pedestrians; and

      (b) Complies with the requirements of subsection 3 and NRS 484A.430 and 484A.440.

      (Added to NRS by 2015, 1560; A 2021, 379, 3327, effective January 1, 2023)

RESTRICTIONS ON PERSONS IN VEHICLES

      NRS 484B.150  Drinking alcoholic beverage while driving motor vehicle unlawful; open container of alcoholic beverage; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  It is unlawful for a person to drink an alcoholic beverage while the person is driving or in actual physical control of a motor vehicle upon a highway.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, it is unlawful for a person to have an open container of an alcoholic beverage within the passenger area of a motor vehicle while the motor vehicle is upon a highway. This subsection does not apply to:

      (a) The passenger area of a motor vehicle which is designed, maintained or used primarily for the transportation of persons for compensation; or

      (b) The living quarters of a house coach or house trailer,

Ê but does apply to the driver of such a motor vehicle who is in possession or control of an open container of an alcoholic beverage.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      4.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Alcoholic beverage” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 202.015.

      (b) “Open container” means a container which has been opened or the seal of which has been broken.

      (c) “Passenger area” means that area of a vehicle which is designed for the seating of the driver or a passenger.

      (Added to NRS by 1971, 315; A 1991, 838; 2003, 3246; 2013, 542; 2015, 1561)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.448)

      NRS 484B.150  Drinking alcoholic beverage while driving motor vehicle or open container of alcoholic beverage a misdemeanor; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  It is a misdemeanor for a person to drink an alcoholic beverage while the person is driving or in actual physical control of a motor vehicle upon a highway.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, it is a misdemeanor for a person to have an open container of an alcoholic beverage within the passenger area of a motor vehicle while the motor vehicle is upon a highway. This subsection does not apply to:

      (a) The passenger area of a motor vehicle which is designed, maintained or used primarily for the transportation of persons for compensation; or

      (b) The living quarters of a house coach or house trailer,

Ê but does apply to the driver of such a motor vehicle who is in possession or control of an open container of an alcoholic beverage.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      4.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Alcoholic beverage” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 202.015.

      (b) “Open container” means a container which has been opened or the seal of which has been broken.

      (c) “Passenger area” means that area of a vehicle which is designed for the seating of the driver or a passenger.

      (Added to NRS by 1971, 315; A 1991, 838; 2003, 3246; 2013, 542; 2015, 1561; 2021, 3328, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.448)

      NRS 484B.153  Boarding or alighting from vehicle; opening door of vehicle.

      1.  A person shall not board or alight from any vehicle while it is in motion.

      2.  A person shall not open the door of or board or alight from the side of a vehicle which is closest to passing traffic in such a manner as to interfere with moving vehicular traffic.

      3.  A person shall not leave open a door on the side of a vehicle which is closest to passing traffic longer than is necessary for immediate loading or unloading of passengers or cargo.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 1985, 1040)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.475)

      NRS 484B.157  Child less than 6 years of age and weighing 60 pounds or less to be secured in child restraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; requirements for system; penalties; programs of training; waiver or reduction of penalty under certain circumstances; application of section. [Effective through December 31, 2021.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 7, any person who is transporting a child who is less than 6 years of age and who weighs 60 pounds or less in a motor vehicle operated in this State which is equipped to carry passengers shall secure the child in a child restraint system which:

      (a) Has been approved by the United States Department of Transportation in accordance with the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards set forth in 49 C.F.R. Part 571;

      (b) Is appropriate for the size and weight of the child; and

      (c) Is installed within and attached safely and securely to the motor vehicle:

             (1) In accordance with the instructions for installation and attachment provided by the manufacturer of the child restraint system; or

             (2) In another manner that is approved by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

      2.  If a defendant pleads or is found guilty of violating the provisions of subsection 1, the court shall:

      (a) For a first offense, order the defendant to pay a fine of not less than $100 or more than $500 or order the defendant to perform not less than 10 hours or more than 50 hours of community service;

      (b) For a second offense, order the defendant to pay a fine of not less than $500 or more than $1,000 or order the defendant to perform not less than 50 hours or more than 100 hours of community service; and

      (c) For a third or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license of the defendant for not less than 30 days or more than 180 days.

      3.  At the time of sentencing, the court shall provide the defendant with a list of persons and agencies approved by the Department of Public Safety to conduct programs of training and perform inspections of child restraint systems. The list must include, without limitation, an indication of the fee, if any, established by the person or agency pursuant to subsection 4. If, within 60 days after sentencing, a defendant provides the court with proof of satisfactory completion of a program of training provided for in this subsection, the court shall:

      (a) If the defendant was sentenced pursuant to paragraph (a) of subsection 2, waive the fine or community service previously imposed; or

      (b) If the defendant was sentenced pursuant to paragraph (b) of subsection 2, reduce by one-half the fine or community service previously imposed.

Ê A defendant is only eligible for a reduction of a fine or community service pursuant to paragraph (b) if the defendant has not had a fine or community service waived pursuant to paragraph (a).

      4.  A person or agency approved by the Department of Public Safety to conduct programs of training and perform inspections of child restraint systems may, in cooperation with the Department, establish a fee to be paid by defendants who are ordered to complete a program of training. The amount of the fee, if any:

      (a) Must be reasonable; and

      (b) May, if a defendant desires to acquire a child restraint system from such a person or agency, include the cost of a child restraint system provided by the person or agency to the defendant.

Ê A program of training may not be operated for profit.

      5.  For the purposes of NRS 483.473, a violation of this section is not a moving traffic violation.

      6.  A violation of this section may not be considered:

      (a) Negligence in any civil action; or

      (b) Negligence or reckless driving for the purposes of NRS 484B.653.

      7.  This section does not apply:

      (a) To a person who is transporting a child in a means of public transportation, including a taxi, school bus or emergency vehicle.

      (b) When a physician or an advanced practice registered nurse determines that the use of such a child restraint system for the particular child would be impractical or dangerous because of such factors as the child’s weight, physical unfitness or medical condition. In this case, the person transporting the child shall carry in the vehicle the signed statement of the physician or advanced practice registered nurse to that effect.

      8.  As used in this section, “child restraint system” means any device that is designed for use in a motor vehicle to restrain, seat or position children. The term includes, without limitation:

      (a) Booster seats and belt-positioning seats that are designed to elevate or otherwise position a child so as to allow the child to be secured with a safety belt;

      (b) Integrated child seats; and

      (c) Safety belts that are designed specifically to be adjusted to accommodate children.

      (Added to NRS by 1983, 1888; A 1985, 1170, 2293; 1995, 1528; 2003, 2079; 2005, 119; 2007, 1026; 2019, 499)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.474)

      NRS 484B.157  Child less than 6 years of age and less than 57 inches tall to be secured in child restraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; child less than 2 years of age to be secured in rear-facing child restraint system in back seat with certain exceptions; requirements for system; penalties; programs of training; waiver or reduction of penalty under certain circumstances; application of section; acceptance of gifts, grants and donations for purchase of child restraint systems. [Effective January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 7, any person who is transporting:

      (a) A child who is less than 6 years of age and less than 57 inches tall in a motor vehicle operated in this State which is equipped to carry passengers shall secure the child in a child restraint system which:

             (1) Has been approved by the United States Department of Transportation in accordance with the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards set forth in 49 C.F.R. Part 571;

             (2) Is appropriate for the size and weight of the child; and

             (3) Is installed within and attached safely and securely to the motor vehicle:

                   (I) In accordance with the instructions for installation and attachment provided by the manufacturer of the child restraint system; or

                   (II) In another manner that is approved by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

      (b) A child who is less than 2 years of age in a motor vehicle operated in this State which is equipped to carry passengers shall secure the child in a rear-facing child restraint system in the back seat of the motor vehicle in accordance with subparagraphs (1), (2) and (3) of paragraph (a) unless the child is secured in a rear-facing child restraint system on the passenger side of the front seat in accordance with subparagraphs (1), (2) and (3) of paragraph (a), the air bag on the passenger’s side of the front seat, if any, is deactivated and:

             (1) Special health care needs of the child require the child to ride in the front seat of the motor vehicle and a written statement signed by a physician certifying the requirement is carried in the motor vehicle;

             (2) All back seats in the motor vehicle are in use by other children who are less than 2 years of age; or

             (3) The motor vehicle is not equipped with back seats.

      2.  If a defendant pleads or is found guilty of violating the provisions of subsection 1, the court shall:

      (a) For a first offense, order the defendant to pay a fine of not less than $100 or more than $500 or order the defendant to perform not less than 10 hours or more than 50 hours of community service;

      (b) For a second offense, order the defendant to pay a fine of not less than $500 or more than $1,000 or order the defendant to perform not less than 50 hours or more than 100 hours of community service; and

      (c) For a third or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license of the defendant for not less than 30 days or more than 180 days.

      3.  At the time of sentencing, the court shall provide the defendant with a list of persons and agencies approved by the Department of Public Safety to conduct programs of training and perform inspections of child restraint systems. The list must include, without limitation, an indication of the fee, if any, established by the person or agency pursuant to subsection 4. If, within 60 days after sentencing, a defendant provides the court with proof of satisfactory completion of a program of training provided for in this subsection, the court shall:

      (a) If the defendant was sentenced pursuant to paragraph (a) of subsection 2, waive the fine or community service previously imposed; or

      (b) If the defendant was sentenced pursuant to paragraph (b) of subsection 2, reduce by one-half the fine or community service previously imposed.

Ê A defendant is only eligible for a reduction of a fine or community service pursuant to paragraph (b) if the defendant has not had a fine or community service waived pursuant to paragraph (a).

      4.  A person or agency approved by the Department of Public Safety to conduct programs of training and perform inspections of child restraint systems may, in cooperation with the Department, establish a fee to be paid by defendants who are ordered to complete a program of training. The amount of the fee, if any:

      (a) Must be reasonable; and

      (b) May, if a defendant desires to acquire a child restraint system from such a person or agency, include the cost of a child restraint system provided by the person or agency to the defendant.

Ê A program of training may not be operated for profit.

      5.  For the purposes of NRS 483.473, a violation of this section is not a moving traffic violation.

      6.  A violation of this section may not be considered:

      (a) Negligence in any civil action; or

      (b) Negligence or reckless driving for the purposes of NRS 484B.653.

      7.  This section does not apply:

      (a) To a person who is transporting a child in a means of public transportation, including a taxi, school bus or emergency vehicle.

      (b) When a physician or an advanced practice registered nurse determines that the use of such a child restraint system for the particular child would be impractical or dangerous because of such factors as the child’s weight, physical unfitness or medical condition. In this case, the person transporting the child shall carry in the vehicle the signed statement of the physician or advanced practice registered nurse to that effect.

      8.  The Department of Public Safety may accept gifts, grants and donations from any source for the purpose of the purchase or donation of child restraint systems for persons who are in financial need.

      9.  As used in this section, “child restraint system” means any device that is designed for use in a motor vehicle to restrain, seat or position children. The term includes, without limitation:

      (a) Booster seats and belt-positioning seats that are designed to elevate or otherwise position a child so as to allow the child to be secured with a safety belt;

      (b) Integrated child seats; and

      (c) Safety belts that are designed specifically to be adjusted to accommodate children.

      (Added to NRS by 1983, 1888; A 1985, 1170, 2293; 1995, 1528; 2003, 2079; 2005, 119; 2007, 1026; 2019, 499; 2021, 176, effective January 1, 2022)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.474)

      NRS 484B.157  Child less than 6 years of age and less than 57 inches tall to be secured in child restraint system while being transported in motor vehicle; child less than 2 years of age to be secured in rear-facing child restraint system in back seat with certain exceptions; requirements for system; penalties; programs of training; waiver or reduction of penalty under certain circumstances; application of section; acceptance of gifts, grants and donations for purchase of child restraint systems. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 7, any person who is transporting:

      (a) A child who is less than 6 years of age and less than 57 inches tall in a motor vehicle operated in this State which is equipped to carry passengers shall secure the child in a child restraint system which:

             (1) Has been approved by the United States Department of Transportation in accordance with the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards set forth in 49 C.F.R. Part 571;

             (2) Is appropriate for the size and weight of the child; and

             (3) Is installed within and attached safely and securely to the motor vehicle:

                   (I) In accordance with the instructions for installation and attachment provided by the manufacturer of the child restraint system; or

                   (II) In another manner that is approved by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

      (b) A child who is less than 2 years of age in a motor vehicle operated in this State which is equipped to carry passengers shall secure the child in a rear-facing child restraint system in the back seat of the motor vehicle in accordance with subparagraphs (1), (2) and (3) of paragraph (a) unless the child is secured in a rear-facing child restraint system on the passenger side of the front seat in accordance with subparagraphs (1), (2) and (3) of paragraph (a), the air bag on the passenger’s side of the front seat, if any, is deactivated and:

             (1) Special health care needs of the child require the child to ride in the front seat of the motor vehicle and a written statement signed by a physician certifying the requirement is carried in the motor vehicle;

             (2) All back seats in the motor vehicle are in use by other children who are less than 2 years of age; or

             (3) The motor vehicle is not equipped with back seats.

      2.  A person who violates the provisions of subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor and the court shall:

      (a) For a first offense, order the person to pay a fine of not less than $100 or more than $500 or order the person to perform not less than 10 hours or more than 50 hours of community service;

      (b) For a second offense, order the person to pay a fine of not less than $500 or more than $1,000 or order the person to perform not less than 50 hours or more than 100 hours of community service; and

      (c) For a third or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license of the person for not less than 30 days or more than 180 days.

      3.  At the time of sentencing, the court shall provide the person who committed the offense with a list of persons and agencies approved by the Department of Public Safety to conduct programs of training and perform inspections of child restraint systems. The list must include, without limitation, an indication of the fee, if any, established by the person or agency pursuant to subsection 4. If, within 60 days after sentencing, the person provides the court with proof of satisfactory completion of a program of training provided for in this subsection, the court shall:

      (a) If the person was sentenced pursuant to paragraph (a) of subsection 2, waive the fine or community service previously imposed; or

      (b) If the person was sentenced pursuant to paragraph (b) of subsection 2, reduce by one-half the fine or community service previously imposed.

Ê A person is only eligible for a reduction of a fine or community service pursuant to paragraph (b) if the person has not had a fine or community service waived pursuant to paragraph (a).

      4.  A person or agency approved by the Department of Public Safety to conduct programs of training and perform inspections of child restraint systems may, in cooperation with the Department of Motor Vehicles, establish a fee to be paid by persons who are ordered to complete a program of training. The amount of the fee, if any:

      (a) Must be reasonable; and

      (b) May, if a person desires to acquire a child restraint system from such a person or agency, include the cost of a child restraint system provided by the person or agency to the defendant.

Ê A program of training may not be operated for profit.

      5.  For the purposes of NRS 483.473, a violation of this section is not a moving traffic violation.

      6.  A violation of this section may not be considered:

      (a) Negligence in any civil action; or

      (b) Negligence or reckless driving for the purposes of NRS 484B.653.

      7.  This section does not apply:

      (a) To a person who is transporting a child in a means of public transportation, including a taxi, school bus or emergency vehicle.

      (b) When a physician or an advanced practice registered nurse determines that the use of such a child restraint system for the particular child would be impractical or dangerous because of such factors as the child’s weight, physical unfitness or medical condition. In this case, the person transporting the child shall carry in the vehicle the signed statement of the physician or advanced practice registered nurse to that effect.

      8.  The Department of Public Safety may accept gifts, grants and donations from any source for the purpose of the purchase or donation of child restraint systems for persons who are in financial need.

      9.  As used in this section, “child restraint system” means any device that is designed for use in a motor vehicle to restrain, seat or position children. The term includes, without limitation:

      (a) Booster seats and belt-positioning seats that are designed to elevate or otherwise position a child so as to allow the child to be secured with a safety belt;

      (b) Integrated child seats; and

      (c) Safety belts that are designed specifically to be adjusted to accommodate children.

      (Added to NRS by 1983, 1888; A 1985, 1170, 2293; 1995, 1528; 2003, 2079; 2005, 119; 2007, 1026; 2019, 499; 2021, 176, 3328, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.474)

      NRS 484B.160  Person riding upon bed of flatbed truck or within bed of pickup truck. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and 4, a driver shall not permit a person, with regard to a motor vehicle being operated on a paved highway, to ride upon or within any portion of the vehicle that is primarily designed or intended for carrying goods or other cargo or that is otherwise not designed or intended for the use of passengers, including, without limitation:

      (a) Upon the bed of a flatbed truck; or

      (b) Within the bed of a pickup truck.

      2.  A driver may permit a person to ride upon the bed of a flatbed truck or within the bed of a pickup truck if the person is:

      (a) Eighteen years of age or older; or

      (b) Under 18 years of age and the motor vehicle is:

             (1) Being used in the course of farming or ranching; or

             (2) Being driven in a parade authorized by a local authority.

      3.  A citation must be issued to a driver who permits a person to ride upon or within a vehicle in violation of subsection 1. A driver who is cited pursuant to this subsection shall be punished by a fine of at least $35 but not more than $100.

      4.  The provisions of subsection 1 do not apply to the portion of the bed of a truck that is covered by a camper shell or slide-in camper.

      5.  A violation of this section:

      (a) Is not a moving traffic violation for the purposes of NRS 483.473; and

      (b) May not be considered as:

             (1) Negligence or causation in a civil action; or

             (2) Negligent or reckless driving for the purposes of NRS 484B.653.

      6.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Camper shell” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 361.017.

      (b) “Slide-in camper” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.113.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 2001, 1906; 2003, 3246)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.473)

      NRS 484B.160  Person riding upon bed of flatbed truck or within bed of pickup truck prohibited; exceptions; citation and penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 2 and 4, a driver shall not permit a person, with regard to a motor vehicle being operated on a paved highway, to ride upon or within any portion of the vehicle that is primarily designed or intended for carrying goods or other cargo or that is otherwise not designed or intended for the use of passengers, including, without limitation:

      (a) Upon the bed of a flatbed truck; or

      (b) Within the bed of a pickup truck.

      2.  A driver may permit a person to ride upon the bed of a flatbed truck or within the bed of a pickup truck if the person is:

      (a) Eighteen years of age or older; or

      (b) Under 18 years of age and the motor vehicle is:

             (1) Being used in the course of farming or ranching; or

             (2) Being driven in a parade authorized by a local authority.

      3.  A civil infraction citation must be issued pursuant to NRS 484A.7035 to a driver who permits a person to ride upon or within a vehicle in violation of subsection 1. A driver who is cited pursuant to this subsection shall be punished by a civil penalty of at least $35 but not more than $100.

      4.  The provisions of subsection 1 do not apply to the portion of the bed of a truck that is covered by a camper shell or slide-in camper.

      5.  A violation of this section:

      (a) Is not a moving traffic violation for the purposes of NRS 483.473; and

      (b) May not be considered as:

             (1) Negligence or causation in a civil action; or

             (2) Negligent or reckless driving for the purposes of NRS 484B.653.

      6.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Camper shell” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 361.017.

      (b) “Slide-in camper” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 482.113.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1507; A 2001, 1906; 2003, 3246; 2021, 3330, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.473)

      NRS 484B.163  Obstruction of or interference with driver’s view; interference with driver’s control over driving mechanism; vision of driver through required glass equipment; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  A person shall not drive a vehicle when it is so loaded, or when there are in the front seat such number of persons, exceeding three, as to obstruct the view of the driver to the front or sides of the vehicle or as to interfere with the driver’s control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle.

      2.  A passenger in a vehicle shall not ride in such position as to interfere with the driver’s view ahead or to the sides, or to interfere with the driver’s control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle.

      3.  Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484D.440, a vehicle must not be operated upon any highway unless the driver’s vision through any required glass equipment is normal.

      4.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1502; A 1993, 2434; 2003, 3246; 2015, 1562)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.453)

      NRS 484B.165  Using handheld wireless communications device to type or enter text, send or read data, engage in nonvoice communication or engage in voice communications without use of hands-free device unlawful; exceptions; penalty; additional penalty for violation in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person shall not, while operating a motor vehicle on a highway in this State:

      (a) Manually type or enter text into a cellular telephone or other handheld wireless communications device, or send or read data using any such device to access or search the Internet or to engage in nonvoice communications with another person, including, without limitation, texting, electronic messaging and instant messaging.

      (b) Use a cellular telephone or other handheld wireless communications device to engage in voice communications with another person, unless the device is used with an accessory which allows the person to communicate without using his or her hands, other than to activate, deactivate or initiate a feature or function on the device.

      2.  The provisions of this section do not apply to:

      (a) A paid or volunteer firefighter, emergency medical technician, advanced emergency medical technician, paramedic, ambulance attendant or other person trained to provide emergency medical services who is acting within the course and scope of his or her employment.

      (b) A law enforcement officer or any person designated by a sheriff or chief of police or the Director of the Department of Public Safety who is acting within the course and scope of his or her employment.

      (c) A person who is reporting a medical emergency, a safety hazard or criminal activity or who is requesting assistance relating to a medical emergency, a safety hazard or criminal activity.

      (d) A person who is responding to a situation requiring immediate action to protect the health, welfare or safety of the driver or another person and stopping the vehicle would be inadvisable, impractical or dangerous.

      (e) A person who is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission as an amateur radio operator and who is providing a communication service in connection with an actual or impending disaster or emergency, participating in a drill, test, or other exercise in preparation for a disaster or emergency or otherwise communicating public information.

      (f) An employee or contractor of a public utility who uses a handheld wireless communications device:

             (1) That has been provided by the public utility; and

             (2) While responding to a dispatch by the public utility to respond to an emergency, including, without limitation, a response to a power outage or an interruption in utility service.

      3.  The provisions of this section do not prohibit the use of a voice-operated global positioning or navigation system that is affixed to the vehicle.

      4.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor and:

      (a) For the first offense within the immediately preceding 7 years, shall pay a fine of $50.

      (b) For the second offense within the immediately preceding 7 years, shall pay a fine of $100.

      (c) For the third or subsequent offense within the immediately preceding 7 years, shall pay a fine of $250.

      5.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      6.  The Department of Motor Vehicles shall not treat a first violation of this section in the manner statutorily required for a moving traffic violation.

      7.  For the purposes of this section, a person shall be deemed not to be operating a motor vehicle if the motor vehicle is driven autonomously and the autonomous operation of the motor vehicle is authorized by law.

      8.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Handheld wireless communications device” means a handheld device for the transfer of information without the use of electrical conductors or wires and includes, without limitation, a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant, a pager and a text messaging device. The term does not include a device used for two-way radio communications if:

             (1) The person using the device has a license to operate the device, if required; and

             (2) All the controls for operating the device, other than the microphone and a control to speak into the microphone, are located on a unit which is used to transmit and receive communications and which is separate from the microphone and is not intended to be held.

      (b) “Public utility” means a supplier of electricity or natural gas or a provider of telecommunications service for public use who is subject to regulation by the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada.

      (Added to NRS by 2011, 3647; A 2013, 959; 2015, 1562; 2017, 4469)

      NRS 484B.165  Using handheld wireless communications device to type or enter text, send or read data, engage in nonvoice communication or engage in voice communications without use of hands-free device prohibited; exceptions; penalty; additional penalty for violation in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person shall not, while operating a motor vehicle on a highway in this State:

      (a) Manually type or enter text into a cellular telephone or other handheld wireless communications device, or send or read data using any such device to access or search the Internet or to engage in nonvoice communications with another person, including, without limitation, texting, electronic messaging and instant messaging.

      (b) Use a cellular telephone or other handheld wireless communications device to engage in voice communications with another person, unless the device is used with an accessory which allows the person to communicate without using his or her hands, other than to activate, deactivate or initiate a feature or function on the device.

      2.  The provisions of this section do not apply to:

      (a) A paid or volunteer firefighter, emergency medical technician, advanced emergency medical technician, paramedic, ambulance attendant or other person trained to provide emergency medical services who is acting within the course and scope of his or her employment.

      (b) A law enforcement officer or any person designated by a sheriff or chief of police or the Director of the Department of Public Safety who is acting within the course and scope of his or her employment.

      (c) A person who is reporting a medical emergency, a safety hazard or criminal activity or who is requesting assistance relating to a medical emergency, a safety hazard or criminal activity.

      (d) A person who is responding to a situation requiring immediate action to protect the health, welfare or safety of the driver or another person and stopping the vehicle would be inadvisable, impractical or dangerous.

      (e) A person who is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission as an amateur radio operator and who is providing a communication service in connection with an actual or impending disaster or emergency, participating in a drill, test, or other exercise in preparation for a disaster or emergency or otherwise communicating public information.

      (f) An employee or contractor of a public utility who uses a handheld wireless communications device:

             (1) That has been provided by the public utility; and

             (2) While responding to a dispatch by the public utility to respond to an emergency, including, without limitation, a response to a power outage or an interruption in utility service.

      3.  The provisions of this section do not prohibit the use of a voice-operated global positioning or navigation system that is affixed to the vehicle.

      4.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 is guilty of a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, and:

      (a) For the first violation within the immediately preceding 7 years, shall pay a civil penalty of $50.

      (b) For the second violation within the immediately preceding 7 years, shall pay a civil penalty of $100.

      (c) For the third or subsequent violation within the immediately preceding 7 years, shall pay a civil penalty of $250.

      5.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      6.  The Department of Motor Vehicles shall not treat a first violation of this section in the manner statutorily required for a moving traffic violation.

      7.  For the purposes of this section, a person shall be deemed not to be operating a motor vehicle if the motor vehicle is driven autonomously and the autonomous operation of the motor vehicle is authorized by law.

      8.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Handheld wireless communications device” means a handheld device for the transfer of information without the use of electrical conductors or wires and includes, without limitation, a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant, a pager and a text messaging device. The term does not include a device used for two-way radio communications if:

             (1) The person using the device has a license to operate the device, if required; and

             (2) All the controls for operating the device, other than the microphone and a control to speak into the microphone, are located on a unit which is used to transmit and receive communications and which is separate from the microphone and is not intended to be held.

      (b) “Public utility” means a supplier of electricity or natural gas or a provider of telecommunications service for public use who is subject to regulation by the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada.

      (Added to NRS by 2011, 3647; A 2013, 959; 2015, 1562; 2017, 4469; 2021, 3330, effective January 1, 2023)

      NRS 484B.167  Riding in house trailer.  No person shall occupy a house trailer while it is being moved upon a public highway.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.455)

DIRECTION OF TRAVEL; OVERTAKING AND PASSING

      NRS 484B.200  Driving on right half of highway required; exceptions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  Upon all highways of sufficient width a vehicle must be driven upon the right half of the highway, except as follows:

      (a) When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction under the laws governing such movements;

      (b) When the right half of the highway is closed to traffic;

      (c) Upon a highway divided into three lanes for traffic under the laws applicable thereon;

      (d) Upon a highway designated and posted for one-way traffic; or

      (e) When the highway is not of sufficient width.

      2.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 2003, 3238; 2015, 1563)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.291)

      NRS 484B.203  Duties of drivers passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  Drivers of vehicles proceeding in opposite directions shall pass each other keeping to the right, and upon highways having width for not more than one line of traffic in each direction, each driver shall give to the other at least one-half of the paved portion of the highway as nearly as possible.

      2.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 2003, 3238; 2015, 1564)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.293)

      NRS 484B.207  Overtaking vehicle on left side: Duties of drivers of overtaking and overtaken vehicle; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  The driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left thereof at a safe distance and shall not again drive to the right side of the highway until safely clear of the overtaken vehicle.

      2.  Except when overtaking and passing on the right is permitted, the driver of an overtaken vehicle shall give way to the right in favor of the overtaking vehicle upon observing the overtaking vehicle or hearing a signal. The driver of an overtaken vehicle shall not increase the speed of the vehicle until completely passed by the overtaking vehicle.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 1973, 1325; 2003, 3239; 2015, 1564)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.295)

      NRS 484B.208  Duty of driver to move out of left lane when traveling at a certain rate of speed: When required; exceptions.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, on a controlled-access highway which has two or more clearly marked lanes for traveling in the same direction, a driver may not continue to operate a motor vehicle in the extreme left lane if the driver knows, or reasonably should know, that he or she is traveling at a rate of speed which is less than the posted speed limit for that portion of the controlled-access highway and is being overtaken in that lane from the rear by a motor vehicle traveling at a higher rate of speed.

      2.  The requirements of subsection 1 do not apply:

      (a) To a driver operating a motor vehicle that is:

             (1) Overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same direction;

             (2) Preparing for a left turn at an intersection;

             (3) Traveling in a lane designated for the use of high-occupancy vehicles pursuant to NRS 484A.460, if the driver complies with the requirements to travel in such a lane; or

             (4) Engaged in the construction, maintenance or repair of the highway, including, without limitation, the removal of snow.

      (b) When traffic conditions, inclement weather, obstructions or hazards make it necessary to drive in the extreme left lane.

      (c) When compliance with an official traffic control device or the directions given by a peace officer makes it necessary to drive in the extreme left lane.

      (d) To the driver of an authorized emergency vehicle in the course of his or her official duties.

      (e) To a driver operating a motor vehicle within the geographical limits of a city or town.

      (Added to NRS by 2017, 628)

      NRS 484B.210  When overtaking on right side allowed; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass upon the right of another vehicle only under the following conditions:

      (a) When the driver of the vehicle overtaken is making or signaling to make a left turn.

      (b) Upon a highway with unobstructed pavement which is not occupied by parked vehicles and which is of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles in each direction.

      (c) Upon a highway with unobstructed pavement which is not marked as a traffic lane and which is not occupied by parked vehicles, if the vehicle that is overtaking and passing another vehicle:

             (1) Does not travel more than 200 feet in the section of pavement not marked as a traffic lane; or

             (2) While being driven in the section of pavement not marked as a traffic lane, does not travel through an intersection or past any private way that is used to enter or exit the highway.

      (d) Upon any highway on which traffic is restricted to one direction of movement, where the highway is free from obstructions and of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles.

      2.  The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass another vehicle upon the right only under conditions permitting such movement in safety.

      3.  The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake and pass another vehicle upon the right when such movement requires driving off the paved portion of the highway.

      4.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 2003, 3239; 2009, 153; 2015, 1564)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.297)

      NRS 484B.213  Limitations on overtaking on left side; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  A vehicle must not be driven to the left side of the center of a two-lane, two-directional highway and overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction, unless such left side is clearly visible and is free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance ahead to permit such overtaking and passing to be completely made without interfering with the safe operation of any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction or any vehicle overtaken.

      2.  A vehicle must not be driven to the left side of the highway at any time:

      (a) When approaching the crest of a grade or upon a curve in the highway where the driver’s view is obstructed within such distance as to create a hazard in the event another vehicle might approach from the opposite direction.

      (b) When approaching within 100 feet or traversing any intersection or railroad grade crossing.

      (c) When the view is obstructed upon approaching within 100 feet of any bridge, viaduct or tunnel.

      3.  Subsection 2 does not apply upon a one-way highway.

      4.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1499; A 2003, 3239; 2015, 1565)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.299)

      NRS 484B.217  Zones in which overtaking on left side or making left-hand turn prohibited; exceptions; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  The Department of Transportation with respect to highways constructed under the authority of chapter 408 of NRS, and local authorities with respect to highways under their jurisdiction, may determine those zones of highways where overtaking and passing to the left or making a left-hand turn would be hazardous, and may by the erection of official traffic-control devices indicate such zones. When such devices are in place and clearly visible to an ordinarily observant person, every driver of a vehicle shall obey the directions thereof.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3 and 4, a driver shall not drive on the left side of the highway within such zone or drive across or on the left side of any pavement striping designed to mark such zone throughout its length.

      3.  A driver may drive across a pavement striping marking such zone to an adjoining highway if the driver has first given the appropriate turn signal and there will be no impediment to oncoming or following traffic.

      4.  Except where otherwise provided, a driver may drive across a pavement striping marking such a zone to make a left-hand turn if the driver has first given the appropriate turn signal in compliance with NRS 484B.413, if it is safe and if it would not be an impediment to oncoming or following traffic.

      5.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1489; A 1973, 1325; 1979, 1804; 2003, 3240; 2015, 1565)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.301)

      NRS 484B.220  One-way highway; rotary traffic island.

      1.  Upon a highway designated and signposted for one-way traffic a vehicle shall be driven only in the direction designated.

      2.  A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic island shall be driven only to the right of such island.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.303)

      NRS 484B.223  Driving on highway having multiple marked lanes for traffic; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  If a highway has two or more clearly marked lanes for traffic traveling in one direction, vehicles must:

      (a) Be driven as nearly as practicable entirely within a single lane; and

      (b) Not be moved from that lane until the driver has given the appropriate turn signal and ascertained that such movement can be made with safety.

      2.  Upon a highway which has been divided into three clearly marked lanes, a vehicle must not be driven in the extreme left lane at any time. A vehicle on such a highway must not be driven in the center lane except:

      (a) When overtaking and passing another vehicle where the highway is clearly visible and the center lane is clear of traffic for a safe distance;

      (b) In preparation for a left turn; or

      (c) When the center lane is allocated exclusively to traffic moving in the direction in which the vehicle is proceeding and a sign is posted to give notice of such allocation.

      3.  If a highway has been designed to provide a single center lane to be used only for turning by traffic moving in both directions, the following rules apply:

      (a) A vehicle may be driven in the center turn lane only for the purpose of making a left-hand turn onto or from the highway.

      (b) A vehicle must not travel more than 200 feet in a center turn lane before making a left-hand turn from the highway.

      (c) A vehicle must not travel more than 50 feet in a center turn lane after making a left-hand turn onto the highway before merging with traffic.

      4.  If a highway has been designed to provide a single right lane to be used only for turning, a vehicle must:

      (a) Be driven in the right turn lane only for the purpose of making a right turn; and

      (b) While being driven in the right turn lane, not travel through an intersection.

      5.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1973, 1326; 1999, 1664; 2003, 3240; 2005, 309; 2015, 1566)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.305)

      NRS 484B.227  Driving on divided highway: Prohibited turns; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  Every vehicle driven upon a divided highway must be driven only upon the right-hand roadway and must not be driven over, across or within any dividing space, barrier or section or make any left turn, semicircular turn or U-turn, except through an opening in the barrier or dividing section or space or at a crossover or intersection established by a public authority.

      2.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1973, 449; 2003, 3241; 2015, 1566)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.309)

RIGHT-OF-WAY

      NRS 484B.250  Vehicle approaching or entering intersection.

      1.  The driver of a vehicle approaching an intersection shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle which has entered the intersection from a different highway.

      2.  When two vehicles enter an intersection from different highways at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on the right.

      3.  When two vehicles enter an intersection at approximately the same time, one vehicle traveling on a highway which ends at the intersection and the other vehicle traveling on a through highway, the driver of the vehicle on the highway which ends at the intersection shall yield the right-of-way to the other vehicle.

      4.  When a vehicle enters an intersection controlled by a traffic-control signal which is installed and has its vehicular signals uncovered, but is inoperative at the time the vehicle enters the intersection, the driver of the vehicle shall proceed as if a stop sign had been erected at each entrance to the intersection and shall stop at a clearly marked stop line or, if there is none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, if there is none, at the point nearest the intersection where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the through highway. After making such a stop, the driver shall proceed cautiously, yielding to vehicles which have previously completed a stop or are within the intersection.

      5.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4, this section does not apply at intersections controlled by official traffic-control devices or to vehicles approaching each other from opposite directions, when the driver of one of the vehicles is intending to or is making a left turn.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1497; A 1981, 866; 1993, 33)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.315)

      NRS 484B.253  Vehicle turning left.  The driver of a vehicle within an intersection intending to turn to the left shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction which is within the intersection or so close thereto as to constitute an immediate hazard, but such driver, having so yielded and having given a signal when and as required, may make such left turn and the drivers of all other vehicles approaching the intersection from the opposite direction shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle making the left turn.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1497; A 1973, 1326)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.317)

      NRS 484B.257  Vehicle entering intersection marked stop or yield.  Except when traffic is being controlled by a police officer or a traffic-control signal:

      1.  When proper signs have been erected, the driver of a vehicle shall stop or yield at a clearly marked stop line or, if there is none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, if there is none, then at the point nearest the intersection where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the through highway. After having stopped or, in the event of a yield sign, slowed or stopped, the driver shall yield the right-of-way to other vehicles which have entered the intersection from such through highway or which are approaching so closely on such through highway as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time such driver is moving across or within the intersection.

      2.  The driver of a vehicle shall stop in obedience to a stop sign or yield in compliance with a yield sign, in compliance with the manner prescribed in subsection 1, prior to entering an intersection if a stop sign or a yield sign is erected at one or more entrances thereto although not a part of a through highway and shall proceed cautiously, yielding to vehicles not so obligated to stop or yield and which are within the intersection or approaching so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time such driver is moving across or within the intersection.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1496; A 1973, 1326)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.319)

      NRS 484B.260  Vehicle entering highway from private way.  The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a highway from a private way shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles approaching on such highway.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1497)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.321)

      NRS 484B.263  Vehicle entering or exiting controlled-access highway: Duty to yield right-of-way.  The driver of a vehicle about to enter or exit a controlled-access highway shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles approaching on the highway whose proximity constitutes an immediate hazard and shall continue to yield the right-of-way to that traffic until the driver may proceed with reasonable safety.

      (Added to NRS by 1981, 863; A 1993, 1445; 2003, 350)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.322)

      NRS 484B.267  Operation of vehicle on approach of authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of regulatory agency. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Upon the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency, making use of flashing lights meeting the requirements of subsection 3 of NRS 484A.480, the driver of every other vehicle shall yield the right-of-way and shall immediately drive to a position parallel to, and as close as possible to, the right-hand edge or curb of a highway clear of any intersection and shall stop and remain in such position until the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle has passed, except when otherwise directed by a law enforcement officer.

      2.  Upon approaching an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency which is moving or preparing to move in any direction, including, without limitation, arriving at or leaving the scene of a crash or other incident, and making use of flashing lights meeting the requirements of subsection 3 of NRS 484A.480, the driver of any other vehicle shall, except when otherwise directed by a law enforcement officer:

      (a) Decrease the speed of his or her vehicle to a speed that is reasonable and proper, pursuant to the criteria set forth in subsection 1 of NRS 484B.600;

      (b) Proceed with caution;

      (c) Be prepared to stop;

      (d) If the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency is moving in the same direction of travel as the driver, not drive abreast of or overtake the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency;

      (e) If possible, drive in a lane that is not adjacent to the lane in which the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency is moving, unless roadway, traffic, weather or other conditions make doing so unsafe or impossible; and

      (f) If the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency:

             (1) Approaches the driver’s vehicle, proceed as required pursuant to subsection 1; or

             (2) Stops, proceed as required pursuant to NRS 484B.607.

      3.  As used in this section, “preparing to move” means any indication that is visible to an approaching driver that an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency is about to move, including, without limitation:

      (a) A movement of the vehicle; or

      (b) The use of hand signals by the driver of the vehicle.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 1985, 26; 1993, 1445; 1995, 577; 2017, 1293)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.323)

      NRS 484B.267  Operation of vehicle on approach of authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of regulatory agency; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Upon the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency, making use of flashing lights meeting the requirements of subsection 3 of NRS 484A.480, the driver of every other vehicle shall yield the right-of-way and shall immediately drive to a position parallel to, and as close as possible to, the right-hand edge or curb of a highway clear of any intersection and shall stop and remain in such position until the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle has passed, except when otherwise directed by a law enforcement officer.

      2.  Upon approaching an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency which is moving or preparing to move in any direction, including, without limitation, arriving at or leaving the scene of a crash or other incident, and making use of flashing lights meeting the requirements of subsection 3 of NRS 484A.480, the driver of any other vehicle shall, except when otherwise directed by a law enforcement officer:

      (a) Decrease the speed of his or her vehicle to a speed that is reasonable and proper, pursuant to the criteria set forth in subsection 1 of NRS 484B.600;

      (b) Proceed with caution;

      (c) Be prepared to stop;

      (d) If the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency is moving in the same direction of travel as the driver, not drive abreast of or overtake the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency;

      (e) If possible, drive in a lane that is not adjacent to the lane in which the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency is moving, unless roadway, traffic, weather or other conditions make doing so unsafe or impossible; and

      (f) If the authorized emergency vehicle or official vehicle of a regulatory agency:

             (1) Approaches the driver’s vehicle, proceed as required pursuant to subsection 1; or

             (2) Stops, proceed as required pursuant to NRS 484B.607.

      3.  A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      4.  As used in this section, “preparing to move” means any indication that is visible to an approaching driver that an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency is about to move, including, without limitation:

      (a) A movement of the vehicle; or

      (b) The use of hand signals by the driver of the vehicle.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 1985, 26; 1993, 1445; 1995, 577; 2017, 1293; 2021, 3332, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.323)

      NRS 484B.270  Vehicles, bicycles, electric bicycles, electric scooters and pedestrians: Driver’s duty of due care; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

      1.  The driver of a motor vehicle shall not intentionally interfere with the movement of a person lawfully riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter.

      2.  When overtaking or passing a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter proceeding in the same direction, the driver of a motor vehicle shall exercise due care and:

      (a) If there is more than one lane for traffic proceeding in the same direction, move the vehicle to the lane to the immediate left, if the lane is available and moving into the lane is reasonably safe; or

      (b) If there is only one lane for traffic proceeding in the same direction, pass to the left of the bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter at a safe distance, which must be not less than 3 feet between any portion of the vehicle and the bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter, and shall not move again to the right side of the highway until the vehicle is safely clear of the overtaken bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484B.213 and 484B.217, when passing to the left of a bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter at a safe distance of not less than 3 feet between any portion of the vehicle and the bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter, this paragraph authorizes the driver, if it is safe, to pass:

             (1) To the left of the center of the highway.

             (2) In a no-passing zone.

      3.  The driver of a motor vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to any person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter or a pedestrian as provided in subsection 6 of NRS 484B.297 on the pathway or lane. The driver of a motor vehicle shall not enter, stop, stand, park or drive within a pathway or lane provided for bicycles, electric bicycles or electric scooters except:

      (a) When entering or exiting an alley or driveway;

      (b) When operating or parking a disabled vehicle;

      (c) To avoid conflict with other traffic;

      (d) In the performance of official duties;

      (e) In compliance with the directions of a police officer; or

      (f) In an emergency.

      4.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, the driver of a motor vehicle shall not enter or proceed through an intersection while driving within a pathway or lane provided for bicycles, electric bicycles or electric scooters.

      5.  The driver of a motor vehicle shall:

      (a) Exercise due care to avoid a collision with a person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter; and

      (b) Give an audible warning with the horn of the vehicle if appropriate and when necessary to avoid such a collision.

      6.  If, while violating any provision of subsections 1 to 5, inclusive, the driver of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of a collision with a person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter, the driver is subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.653.

      7.  The operator of a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter shall not:

      (a) Intentionally interfere with the movement of a motor vehicle; or

      (b) Overtake and pass a motor vehicle unless the operator can do so safely without endangering himself or herself or the occupants of the motor vehicle.

      (Added to NRS by 1991, 2228; A 1997, 739; 1999, 1664; 2009, 398; 2011, 294, 1633; 2015, 1196; 2019, 1885; 2021, 1048)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.324)

PEDESTRIANS

      NRS 484B.280  Duties of driver of motor vehicle to pedestrian; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or if violation committed in pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  A driver of a motor vehicle shall:

      (a) Exercise due care to avoid a collision with a pedestrian;

      (b) Give an audible warning with the horn of the vehicle if appropriate and when necessary to avoid such a collision; and

      (c) Exercise proper caution upon observing a pedestrian:

             (1) On or near a highway, street or road;

             (2) At or near a bus stop or bench, shelter or transit stop for passengers of public mass transportation or in the act of boarding a bus or other public transportation vehicle; or

             (3) In or near a school zone or a school crossing zone marked in accordance with NRS 484B.363 or a marked or unmarked crosswalk.

      2.  If, while violating any provision of this section, the driver of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian, the driver is subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.653.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 739; A 2011, 1634; 2015, 1566)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3245)

      NRS 484B.283  Right-of-way in crosswalk; impeding ability of driver to yield prohibited; overtaking vehicle at crosswalk; obedience to signals and other devices for control of traffic; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or if violation committed in pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484B.287, 484B.290 and 484B.350:

      (a) When official traffic-control devices are not in place or not in operation, the driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way, slowing down or stopping if need be so to yield, to a pedestrian crossing the highway within a crosswalk when the pedestrian is upon the half of the highway upon which the vehicle is traveling or onto which the vehicle is turning, or when the pedestrian is approaching so closely from the opposite half of the highway as to be in danger.

      (b) A pedestrian shall not suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is so close that it is impossible for the driver to yield.

      (c) Whenever a vehicle is stopped at a marked crosswalk or at an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection, the driver of any other vehicle approaching from the rear shall not overtake and pass the stopped vehicle until the driver has determined that the vehicle being overtaken was not stopped for the purpose of permitting a pedestrian to cross the highway.

      (d) Whenever signals exhibiting the words “Walk,” “Don’t Walk,” “Wait” or similar symbols are in place, such signals indicate as follows:

             (1) While the “Walk” indication or walking person symbol is illuminated, pedestrians facing the signal may proceed across the highway in the direction of the signal and must be given the right-of-way by the drivers of all vehicles.

             (2) While the “Don’t Walk” or “Wait” indication or an upraised hand symbol is illuminated, is flashing and is accompanied by a countdown timer, a pedestrian may proceed across the highway in the direction of the signal, but must complete the crossing before the countdown timer gets to zero.

             (3) While the “Don’t Walk” or “Wait” indication or an upraised hand symbol is illuminated and flashing but is not accompanied by a countdown timer, a pedestrian may not proceed to cross the highway, but a pedestrian who entered the highway lawfully pursuant to subparagraph (1) may continue to cross the highway but must proceed to a curb, sidewalk, safety zone if one is provided or other place of safety before the “Don’t Walk” or “Wait” indication or an upraised hand symbol is illuminated and steady.

             (4) While the “Don’t Walk” or “Wait” indication or an upraised hand symbol is illuminated and steady a pedestrian may not proceed to cross the highway, but a pedestrian who entered the highway lawfully pursuant to subparagraph (1) or (2) may continue to cross the highway but must proceed to a curb, sidewalk, safety zone if one is provided or other place of safety as soon as possible.

      2.  If, while violating paragraph (a) or (c) of subsection 1, the driver of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian, the driver is subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.653.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.135.

      4.  As used in this section, “half of the highway” means all traffic lanes of a highway which are designated for traffic traveling in one direction, and includes the entire highway in the case of a one-way highway.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1492; A 1981, 669, 1918; 2003, 364; 2011, 1634; 2015, 1567; 2019, 3100)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.325)

      NRS 484B.287  When pedestrian must yield right-of-way to vehicle; when crossing at crosswalk is required; crossing diagonally; penalty.

      1.  Except as provided in NRS 484B.290:

      (a) Every pedestrian crossing a highway at any point other than within a marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles upon the highway.

      (b) Any pedestrian crossing a highway at a point where a pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing has been provided shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles upon the highway.

      (c) Between adjacent intersections at which official traffic-control devices are in operation pedestrians shall not cross at any place except in a marked crosswalk.

      (d) A pedestrian shall not cross an intersection diagonally unless authorized by official traffic-control devices.

      (e) When authorized to cross diagonally, pedestrians shall cross only in accordance with the official traffic-control devices pertaining to such crossing movements.

      2.  A violation of this section:

      (a) Is not a misdemeanor; and

      (b) Is punishable by the imposition of a civil penalty of not more than $100.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1493; A 1981, 670, 1919; 2015, 1568; 2021, 380)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.327)

      NRS 484B.290  Right-of-way of person who is blind; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  A person who is blind and who is on foot and using a service animal or carrying a cane or walking stick white in color, or white tipped with red, has the right-of-way when entering or when on a highway, street or road of this State. Any driver of a vehicle who approaches or encounters such a person shall yield the right-of-way, come to a full stop, if necessary, and take precautions before proceeding to avoid a crash or injury to the person.

      2.  Any person who violates subsection 1 shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months or by a fine of not less than $100 nor more than $500, or by both fine and imprisonment.

      (Added to NRS by 1981, 669; A 1995, 1993; 2005, 631; 2015, 1636)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.328)

      NRS 484B.290  Right-of-way of person who is blind; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]  A person who is blind and who is on foot and using a service animal or carrying a cane or walking stick white in color, or white tipped with red, has the right-of-way when entering or when on a highway, street or road of this State. Any driver of a vehicle who approaches or encounters such a person shall yield the right-of-way, come to a full stop, if necessary, and take precautions before proceeding to avoid a crash or injury to the person. A person who violates this section is guilty of a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 1981, 669; A 1995, 1993; 2005, 631; 2015, 1636; 2021, 3333, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.328)

      NRS 484B.293  Direction of movement on crosswalk.  Pedestrians shall move whenever practicable upon the right half of crosswalks.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1493)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.329)

      NRS 484B.297  Walking along and upon highways; solicitation of ride, business or contribution from driver or occupant of vehicle prohibited in certain circumstances; intoxicated pedestrian prohibited within traveled portion of highway; applicability to riders of animals; applicability where sidewalk is obstructed; penalty.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, where sidewalks are provided, it is unlawful for any pedestrian to walk along and upon an adjacent highway.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, pedestrians walking along highways where sidewalks are not provided shall walk on the left side of those highways facing the approaching traffic.

      3.  A person shall not stand in a highway to solicit a ride or any business from the driver or any occupant of a vehicle. A person shall not, without a permit issued pursuant to NRS 244.3555 or 268.423, solicit any contribution from the driver or any occupant of a vehicle.

      4.  It is unlawful for any pedestrian who is under the influence of intoxicating liquors or any narcotic or stupefying drug to be within the traveled portion of any highway.

      5.  The provisions of this section apply to riders of animals, except that the provisions of subsections 1, 2 and 3 do not apply to a peace officer who rides an animal while performing his or her duties as a peace officer.

      6.  A pedestrian walking or otherwise traveling on a sidewalk who encounters an obstruction to his or her mobility on the sidewalk, including, without limitation, a short section of the sidewalk that is missing or impassable, may proceed with due care on the immediately adjacent highway to move around such an obstruction. Such a pedestrian:

      (a) Must walk or otherwise travel as far to the side of the highway near the sidewalk as possible;

      (b) May walk or otherwise travel on the highway in the direction he or she was walking or traveling on the sidewalk, regardless of the direction of traffic;

      (c) May walk or otherwise travel in a lane provided for bicycles, electric bicycles or electric scooters if the area between the lane and the sidewalk is impassable; and

      (d) Must return to the sidewalk as soon as practicable.

      7.  A person who violates the provisions of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1493; A 1991, 143; 2001, 997; 2015, 1197; 2019, 1886)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.331)

TRAFFIC SIGNS, SIGNALS AND MARKINGS

      NRS 484B.300  Obedience to devices for control of traffic; exceptions; placement of devices; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in NRS 484B.307, it is unlawful for any driver to disobey the instructions of any official traffic-control device placed in accordance with the provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS, unless at the time otherwise directed by a police officer.

      2.  No provision of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS for which such devices are required may be enforced against an alleged violator if at the time and place of the alleged violation the device is not in proper position and sufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant person. Whenever a particular provision of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS does not state that such devices are required, the provision is effective even though no devices are erected or in place.

      3.  Whenever devices are placed in position approximately conforming to the requirements of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS, such devices are presumed to have been so placed by the official act or direction of a public authority, unless the contrary is established by competent evidence.

      4.  Any device placed pursuant to the provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS and purporting to conform to the lawful requirements pertaining to such devices is presumed to comply with the requirements of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS unless the contrary is established by competent evidence.

      5.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1489; A 2003, 3237; 2013, 428; 2015, 1568)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.278)

      NRS 484B.303  Disobedience of directions of device for control of traffic unlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  Whenever official traffic-control devices are erected indicating that no right or left turn is permitted, it is unlawful for any driver of a vehicle to disobey the directions of any such devices.

      2.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 2003, 3241; 2015, 1569)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.335)

      NRS 484B.307  Traffic controlled by official traffic-control devices exhibiting different colored lights: Rights and duties of vehicular traffic and pedestrians depending upon particular signal displayed; exceptions for person driving motorcycle, moped or trimobile or riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter; signals placed over individual lanes; certain restrictions upon local authorities; additional penalty for violation committed in pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  Whenever traffic is controlled by official traffic-control devices exhibiting different colored lights, or colored lighted arrows, successively one at a time or in combination as declared in the manual and specifications adopted by the Department of Transportation, only the colors green, yellow and red may be used, except for special pedestrian-control devices carrying a word legend as provided in NRS 484B.283. The lights, arrows and combinations thereof indicate and apply to drivers of vehicles and pedestrians as provided in this section.

      2.  When the signal is circular green alone:

      (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceed straight through or turn right or left unless another device at the place prohibits either or both such turns. Such vehicular traffic, including vehicles turning right or left, must yield the right-of-way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time the signal is exhibited.

      (b) Pedestrians facing such a signal may proceed across the highway within any marked or unmarked crosswalk, unless directed otherwise by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283.

      3.  Where the signal is circular green with a green turn arrow:

      (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceed to make the movement indicated by the green turn arrow or such other movement as is permitted by the circular green signal, but the traffic must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection at the time the signal is exhibited. Drivers turning in the direction of the arrow when displayed with the circular green are thereby advised that so long as a turn arrow is illuminated, oncoming or opposing traffic simultaneously faces a steady red signal.

      (b) Pedestrians facing such a signal may proceed across the highway within any marked or unmarked crosswalk, unless directed otherwise by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283.

      4.  Where the signal is a green turn arrow alone:

      (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceed only in the direction indicated by the arrow signal so long as the arrow is illuminated, but the traffic must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within the adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection.

      (b) Pedestrians facing such a signal shall not enter the highway until permitted to proceed by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283.

      5.  Where the signal is a green straight-through arrow alone:

      (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may proceed straight through, but must not turn right or left. Such vehicular traffic must yield the right-of-way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time the signal is exhibited.

      (b) Pedestrians facing such a signal may proceed across the highway within the appropriate marked or unmarked crosswalk, unless directed otherwise by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283.

      6.  Where the signal is a steady yellow signal alone:

      (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal is thereby warned that the related green movement is being terminated or that a steady red indication will be exhibited immediately thereafter, and such vehicular traffic must not enter the intersection when the red signal is exhibited.

      (b) Pedestrians facing such a signal, unless otherwise directed by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283, are thereby advised that there is insufficient time to cross the highway.

      7.  Where the signal is a flashing yellow turn arrow, displayed alone or in combination with another signal:

      (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal is permitted to cautiously enter the intersection only to make the movement indicated by the arrow signal, or other such movement as is permitted by other signal indications displayed at the same time. Such vehicular traffic must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk and yield the right-of-way to other traffic lawfully within the intersection.

      (b) Pedestrians facing such a signal, unless otherwise directed by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283, are thereby advised that there may be insufficient time to cross the highway, but may proceed across the highway within the appropriate marked or unmarked crosswalk.

      8.  Where the signal is a steady red signal alone:

      (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal must stop before entering the crosswalk on the nearest side of the intersection where the sign or pavement marking indicates where the stop must be made, or in the absence of any such crosswalk, sign or marking, then before entering the intersection, and, except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (c) and (d), must remain stopped or standing until the green signal is shown.

      (b) Pedestrians facing such a signal shall not enter the highway, unless permitted to proceed by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283.

      (c) After complying with the requirement to stop, vehicular traffic facing such a signal and situated on the extreme right of the highway may proceed into the intersection for a right turn only when the intersecting highway is two-directional or one-way to the right, or vehicular traffic facing such a signal and situated on the extreme left of a one-way highway may proceed into the intersection for a left turn only when the intersecting highway is one-way to the left, but must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians and other traffic proceeding as directed by the signal at the intersection.

      (d) After complying with the requirement to stop, a person driving a motorcycle, moped or trimobile or riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter may proceed straight through or turn right or left if:

             (1) The person waits for two complete cycles of the lights or lighted arrows of the applicable official traffic-control device and the signal does not change because of a malfunction or because the signal failed to detect the presence of the motorcycle, moped, trimobile, bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter;

             (2) No other device at the place prohibits either or both such turns, if applicable; and

             (3) The person yields the right-of-way to pedestrians and other traffic proceeding as directed by the signal at the intersection.

      (e) Vehicular traffic facing the signal may not proceed on or through any private or public property to enter the intersecting street where traffic is not facing a red signal to avoid the red signal.

      9.  Where the signal is a steady red with a green turn arrow:

      (a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b), vehicular traffic facing the signal may enter the intersection only to make the movement indicated by the green turn arrow, but must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection. Drivers turning in the direction of the arrow are thereby advised that so long as the turn arrow is illuminated, oncoming or opposing traffic simultaneously faces a steady red signal.

      (b) A person driving a motorcycle, moped or trimobile or riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter facing the signal may proceed straight through or turn in the direction opposite that indicated by the green turn arrow if:

             (1) The person stops before entering the crosswalk on the nearest side of the intersection where the sign or pavement marking indicates where the stop must be made or, in the absence of any such crosswalk, sign or marking, before entering the intersection;

             (2) The person waits for two complete cycles of the lights or lighted arrows of the applicable official traffic-control device and the signal does not change because of a malfunction or because the signal failed to detect the presence of the motorcycle, moped, trimobile, bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter;

             (3) No other device at the place prohibits the turn, if applicable; and

             (4) The person yields the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection.

      (c) Pedestrians facing such a signal shall not enter the highway, unless permitted to proceed by another device as provided in NRS 484B.283.

      10.  If a person violates paragraph (d) of subsection 8 or paragraph (b) of subsection 9 and that violation results in an injury to another person, the violation creates a rebuttable presumption of all facts necessary to impose civil liability for the injury.

      11.  If a signal is erected and maintained at a place other than an intersection, the provisions of this section are applicable except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Any stop required must be made at a sign or pavement marking indicating where the stop must be made, but in the absence of any such device the stop must be made at the signal.

      12.  Whenever signals are placed over the individual lanes of a highway, the signals indicate, and apply to drivers of vehicles, as follows:

      (a) A downward-pointing green arrow means that a driver facing the signal may drive in any lane over which the green signal is shown.

      (b) A red “X” symbol means a driver facing the signal must not enter or drive in any lane over which the red signal is shown.

      13.  A local authority shall not adopt an ordinance or regulation or take any other action that prohibits vehicular traffic from crossing an intersection when:

      (a) The red signal is exhibited; and

      (b) The vehicular traffic in question had already completely entered the intersection before the red signal was exhibited. For the purposes of this paragraph, a vehicle shall be considered to have “completely entered” an intersection when all portions of the vehicle have crossed the limit line or other point of demarcation behind which vehicular traffic must stop when a red signal is displayed.

      14.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1490; A 1973, 1323; 1979, 1802; 1981, 864; 2007, 665; 2013, 428; 2015, 1569; 2019, 1887)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.283)

      NRS 484B.310  Flashing signals.  Whenever an illuminated flashing red or yellow signal is used in conjunction with an official traffic-control device, it shall require obedience by vehicular traffic as follows:

      1.  When a red lens is illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles shall stop before entering the nearest crosswalk in an intersection or at a limit line when marked, or, if none, then before entering the intersection, and the right to proceed shall be subject to the rules applicable after making a required stop.

      2.  When a yellow lens is illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles may proceed past such signal and through the intersection or other hazardous location only with caution.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1492)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.285)

      NRS 484B.313  Display of unauthorized signs, signals, markings or street banners; limitation on placement of commercial advertising; removal as public nuisance; exceptions; use of advertising revenues to repay bonds.

      1.  It is unlawful for any person to place, maintain or display upon or in view of any highway any unauthorized sign, signal, marking or device which purports to be or is an imitation of or resembles an official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal, or which attempts to direct the movement of traffic, or which hides from view or interferes with the effectiveness of any such device, sign or signal, and except as otherwise provided in subsections 4 and 5, a person shall not place or maintain nor may any public authority permit upon any highway any sign, signal, marking or street banner bearing thereon any commercial advertising.

      2.  Every such prohibited sign, signal or marking is hereby declared to be a public nuisance, and the proper public authority may remove the same or cause it to be removed without notice.

      3.  This section does not prohibit the erection upon private property adjacent to highways of signs giving useful directional information and of a type that cannot be mistaken for official traffic-control devices.

      4.  A person may place and maintain commercial advertising in an airspace above a highway under the conditions specified pursuant to subsection 3 of NRS 405.110, and a public authority may permit commercial advertising that has been placed in an airspace above a highway under the conditions specified pursuant to subsection 3 of NRS 405.110.

      5.  The provisions of subsection 1 do not apply to any sign, signal, marking or street banner bearing thereon any commercial advertising that is located:

      (a) On a bench or shelter for passengers of public mass transportation built pursuant to a franchise granted pursuant to NRS 244.187 and 244.188, 268.081 and 268.083, 269.128 and 269.129, or 277A.310 and 277A.330;

      (b) On a monorail station; or

      (c) On a touchdown structure if a public authority authorizes such advertising and the advertising is placed and maintained by a person who owns real property adjacent to the touchdown structure and who has:

             (1) Dedicated the touchdown structure to the public authority or has granted a fee or perpetual easement to the public authority for the construction or maintenance of the touchdown structure; and

             (2) Entered a written agreement with the public authority on terms and conditions acceptable to the public authority.

      6.  If a franchisee receives revenues from commercial advertising authorized by subsection 1 and the franchisee is obligated to repay a bond issued by the State of Nevada, the franchisee shall use all revenue generated by the advertising authorized by subsection 1 to meet its obligations to the State of Nevada as set forth in the financing agreement and bond indenture, including, without limitation, the payment of operations and maintenance obligations, the funding of reserves and the payment of debt service. To the extent that any surplus revenue remains after the payment of all such obligations, the surplus revenue must be used solely to repay the bond until the bond is repaid.

      7.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Monorail station” means:

             (1) A structure for the loading and unloading of passengers from a monorail for which a franchise has been granted pursuant to NRS 705.695 or an agreement has been entered into pursuant to NRS 705.695; and

             (2) Any facilities or appurtenances within such a structure.

      (b) “Street banner” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 277A.130.

      (c) “Touchdown structure” means a structure, connected to a pedestrian bridge, which houses an elevator.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1492; A 1989, 996; 1999, 1261; 2001, 848; 2003, 3237; 2005, 2315; 2009, 869; 2017, 1421)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.287)

      NRS 484B.317  Interference with official device for control of traffic or sign or signal for railroad prohibited; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  A person shall not, without lawful authority, attempt to or alter, deface, injure, knock down or remove any official traffic-control device or any railroad sign or signal or any inscription, shield or insigne thereon, or any other part thereof.

      2.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1492; A 2003, 3238; 2015, 1572)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.289)

      NRS 484B.317  Interference with official device for control of traffic or sign or signal for railroad unlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  A person shall not, without lawful authority, attempt to or alter, deface, injure, knock down or remove any official traffic-control device or any railroad sign or signal or any inscription, shield or insigne thereon, or any other part thereof.

      2.  A person who violates subsection 1:

      (a) Is guilty of a misdemeanor; and

      (b) May be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1492; A 2003, 3238; 2015, 1572; 2021, 3333, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.289)

      NRS 484B.320  Devices and mechanisms capable of interfering with or altering signal of traffic-control signal: General prohibition against operating and selling; seizure by police; presence in or on vehicle as prima facie evidence of violation; penalty; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone; exceptions for providers of mass transit and response agencies.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in this section:

      (a) A person shall not operate a vehicle on the highways of this State if the vehicle is equipped with any device or mechanism, including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable of interfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal.

      (b) A person shall not operate any device or mechanism, including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable of interfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, a person shall not in this State sell or offer for sale any device or mechanism, including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable of interfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal. The provisions of this subsection do not prohibit a person from selling or offering for sale:

      (a) To a provider of mass transit, a signal prioritization device; or

      (b) To a response agency, a signal preemption device or a signal prioritization device, or both.

      3.  A police officer:

      (a) Shall, without a warrant, seize any device or mechanism, including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable of interfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal; or

      (b) May, without a warrant, seize and take possession of a vehicle equipped with any device or mechanism that is capable of interfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal, including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, if the device or mechanism cannot be removed from the motor vehicle by the police officer, and may cause the vehicle to be towed and impounded until:

             (1) The device or mechanism is removed from the vehicle; and

             (2) The owner claims the vehicle by paying the cost of the towing and impoundment.

      4.  Neither the police officer nor the governmental entity which employs the officer is civilly liable for any damage to a vehicle seized pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (b) of subsection 3 that occurs after the vehicle is seized but before the towing process begins.

      5.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 9, the presence of any device or mechanism, including, without limitation, a mobile transmitter, that is capable of interfering with or altering the signal of a traffic-control signal in or on a vehicle on the highways of this State constitutes prima facie evidence of a violation of this section. The State need not prove that the device or mechanism in question was in an operative condition or being operated.

      6.  A person who violates the provisions of subsection 1 or 2 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      7.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 or 2 may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      8.  A provider of mass transit shall not operate or cause to be operated a signal prioritization device in such a manner as to impede or interfere with the use by response agencies of signal preemption devices.

      9.  The provisions of this section do not:

      (a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection 8, prohibit a provider of mass transit from acquiring, possessing or operating a signal prioritization device.

      (b) Prohibit a response agency from acquiring, possessing or operating a signal preemption device or a signal prioritization device, or both.

      10.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Mobile transmitter” means a device or mechanism that is:

             (1) Portable, installed within a vehicle or capable of being installed within a vehicle; and

             (2) Designed to affect or alter, through the emission or transmission of sound, infrared light, strobe light or any other audible, visual or electronic method, the normal operation of a traffic-control signal.

Ê The term includes, without limitation, a signal preemption device and a signal prioritization device.

      (b) “Provider of mass transit” means a governmental entity or a contractor of a governmental entity which operates, in whole or in part:

             (1) A public transit system, as that term is defined in NRS 377A.016; or

             (2) A system of public transportation referred to in NRS 277A.270.

      (c) “Response agency” means an agency of this State or of a political subdivision of this State that provides services related to law enforcement, firefighting, emergency medical care or public safety. The term includes a nonprofit organization or private company that, as authorized pursuant to chapter 450B of NRS:

             (1) Provides ambulance service; or

             (2) Provides the level of medical care provided by an advanced emergency medical technician or paramedic to sick or injured persons at the scene of an emergency or while transporting those persons to a medical facility.

      (d) “Signal preemption device” means a mobile transmitter that, when activated and when a vehicle equipped with such a device approaches an intersection controlled by a traffic-control signal, causes:

             (1) The signal, in the direction of travel of the vehicle, to remain green if the signal is already displaying a green light;

             (2) The signal, in the direction of travel of the vehicle, to change from red to green if the signal is displaying a red light;

             (3) The signal, in other directions of travel, to remain red or change to red, as applicable, to prevent other vehicles from entering the intersection; and

             (4) The applicable functions described in subparagraphs (1), (2) and (3) to continue until such time as the vehicle equipped with the device is clear of the intersection.

      (e) “Signal prioritization device” means a mobile transmitter that, when activated and when a vehicle equipped with such a device approaches an intersection controlled by a traffic-control signal, causes:

             (1) The signal, in the direction of travel of the vehicle, to display a green light a few seconds sooner than the green light would otherwise be displayed;

             (2) The signal, in the direction of travel of the vehicle, to display a green light for a few seconds longer than the green light would otherwise be displayed; or

             (3) The functions described in both subparagraphs (1) and (2).

      (f) “Traffic-control signal” means a traffic-control signal, as defined in NRS 484A.290, which is capable of receiving and responding to an emission or transmission from a mobile transmitter.

      (Added to NRS by 2005, 936; A 2011, 88; 2013, 961; 2015, 1572)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.2895)

      NRS 484B.323  Carpool lanes: Use of carpool lanes in conformance with signs; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  A person shall not operate a vehicle in a lane designated for the use of high-occupancy vehicles except in conformity with the established conditions which are placed and maintained on signs and other official traffic-control devices pursuant to subsection 2 of NRS 484A.460 or established by regulation.

      2.  A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined $250 for each offense.

      3.  As used in this section, “high-occupancy vehicle” means:

      (a) A vehicle that is transporting more than one person;

      (b) A motorcycle, regardless of the number of passengers;

      (c) A bus, regardless of the number of passengers; and

      (d) Any other vehicle designated by regulation.

      (Added to NRS by 2005, 72)—(Substituted in revision for part of NRS 484.312)

      NRS 484B.323  Carpool lanes: Use of carpool lanes in conformance with established conditions and signs; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  A person shall not operate a vehicle in a lane designated for the use of high-occupancy vehicles except in conformity with the established conditions which are placed and maintained on signs and other official traffic-control devices pursuant to subsection 2 of NRS 484A.460 or established by regulation.

      2.  A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, and shall be punished by a civil penalty of $250 for each offense.

      3.  As used in this section, “high-occupancy vehicle” means:

      (a) A vehicle that is transporting more than one person;

      (b) A motorcycle, regardless of the number of passengers;

      (c) A bus, regardless of the number of passengers; and

      (d) Any other vehicle designated by regulation.

      (Added to NRS by 2005, 72; A 2021, 3333, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for part of NRS 484.312)

      NRS 484B.327  Unlawful to remove barriers and signs stating highway is closed to traffic; driving on such highway unlawful; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  It is unlawful for any person to remove any barrier or sign stating that a highway is closed to traffic.

      2.  It is unlawful to pass over a highway that is marked, signed or barricaded to indicate that it is closed to traffic. A person who violates any provision of this subsection may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      [14:166:1925; NCL § 4363]—(NRS A 1969, 1509; 2003, 3247; 2015, 1574)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.479)

      NRS 484B.330  Obedience to signal of authorized flagger; prosecution of violations; penalties. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  It is unlawful for a driver of a vehicle to fail or refuse to comply with any signal of an authorized flagger serving in a traffic control capacity in a clearly marked area of highway construction or maintenance or any other area which has been designated as a temporary traffic control zone.

      2.  A district attorney shall prosecute all violations of subsection 1 which occur in his or her jurisdiction and which result in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone unless the district attorney has good cause for not prosecuting the violation. In addition to any other penalty, if a driver violates any provision of subsection 1 and the violation results in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone, or in damage to property in an amount of not less than $1,000, the driver shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1,000 or more than $2,000, and ordered to perform 120 hours of community service.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 1 of NRS 484B.130.

      4.  As used in this section, “authorized flagger serving in a traffic control capacity” means:

      (a) An employee of the Department of Transportation or of a contractor performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone for the Department of Transportation while the employee is carrying out the duties of his or her employment;

      (b) An employee of any other governmental entity or of a contractor performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone for the governmental entity while the employee is carrying out the duties of his or her employment; or

      (c) Any other person employed by a private entity performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone while the person is carrying out the duties of his or her employment if the person has satisfactorily completed training as a flagger approved or recognized by the Department of Transportation.

      (Added to NRS by 1975, 1024; A 1979, 1801; 2003, 3236; 2009, 680)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.254)

      NRS 484B.330  Obedience to signal of authorized flagger; prosecution of violations; penalties. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  It is unlawful for a driver of a vehicle to fail or refuse to comply with any signal of an authorized flagger serving in a traffic control capacity in a clearly marked area of highway construction or maintenance or any other area which has been designated as a temporary traffic control zone.

      2.  A district attorney shall prosecute all violations of subsection 1 which occur in his or her jurisdiction and which result in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone unless the district attorney has good cause for not prosecuting the violation. In addition to any other penalty, if a driver violates any provision of subsection 1 and the violation results in injury to any person performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone, or in damage to property in an amount of not less than $1,000, the driver is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be ordered to perform 120 hours of community service.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 1 of NRS 484B.130.

      4.  As used in this section, “authorized flagger serving in a traffic control capacity” means:

      (a) An employee of the Department of Transportation or of a contractor performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone for the Department of Transportation while the employee is carrying out the duties of his or her employment;

      (b) An employee of any other governmental entity or of a contractor performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone for the governmental entity while the employee is carrying out the duties of his or her employment; or

      (c) Any other person employed by a private entity performing highway construction or maintenance or performing other work within an area designated as a temporary traffic control zone while the person is carrying out the duties of his or her employment if the person has satisfactorily completed training as a flagger approved or recognized by the Department of Transportation.

      (Added to NRS by 1975, 1024; A 1979, 1801; 2003, 3236; 2009, 680; 2021, 3333, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.254)

SCHOOL CROSSING GUARDS, SCHOOL ZONES AND SCHOOL BUSES

      NRS 484B.350  Stop required in obedience to direction or traffic-control signal of school crossing guard; penalty; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

      1.  The driver of a vehicle:

      (a) Shall stop in obedience to the direction or traffic-control signal of a school crossing guard; and

      (b) Shall not proceed until the highway is clear of all persons, including, without limitation, the school crossing guard.

      2.  A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      3.  If, while violating subsection 1, the driver of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian or a person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter, the driver is subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.653.

      4.  As used in this section, “school crossing guard” means a volunteer or paid employee of a local authority, local law enforcement agency or school district whose duties include assisting pupils to cross a highway.

      (Added to NRS by 2003, 364; A 2011, 1635; 2019, 1890)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.356)

      NRS 484B.353  Overtaking and passing school bus: Duties of driver; exceptions; penalties.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, the driver of any vehicle, when meeting or overtaking, from either direction, any school bus, equipped with signs and signals required by law, which has stopped to receive or discharge any pupil and is displaying a flashing red light signal visible from the front and rear, shall bring the vehicle to an immediate stop and shall not attempt to overtake or proceed past the school bus until the flashing red signal ceases operation.

      2.  The driver of a vehicle upon a divided highway need not stop upon meeting or passing a school bus which is positioned in the other roadway. The driver of a vehicle need not stop upon meeting or passing a school bus where traffic is controlled by a traffic officer.

      3.  Any person who violates any of the provisions of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and:

      (a) For a third or any subsequent offense within 2 years after the most recent offense, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 and the driver’s license of the person must be suspended for not more than 1 year.

      (b) For a second offense within 1 year after the first offense, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $250 nor more than $500 and the driver’s license of the person must be suspended for 6 months.

      (c) For a first offense or any subsequent offense for which a punishment is not provided for in paragraph (a) or (b), shall be punished by a fine of not less than $250 nor more than $500.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1975, 825; 1991, 276; 1997, 3060; 2007, 15)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.357)

      NRS 484B.357  Report by driver of school bus of failure of driver of vehicle to stop; submission of report to school district and Department; provision of notice to owner of vehicle.

      1.  The driver of a school bus who observes a violation of NRS 484B.353 may prepare a report of the violation. The report must be signed by the driver and include:

      (a) The date, time and approximate location of the violation;

      (b) The number and state of issuance of the license plate of the vehicle whose driver committed the violation; and

      (c) An identification of the vehicle by type and color.

      2.  The driver of a school bus who prepares a report pursuant to subsection 1 shall, within 2 working days after the violation, send the report to the superintendent of the school district and a copy to the Department, which shall thereupon mail to the last known registered owner of the vehicle a notice containing:

      (a) The information included in the report;

      (b) The provisions of NRS 484B.353; and

      (c) An explanation that the notice is not a citation but a warning of the seriousness of the violation.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 3060)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.358)

      NRS 484B.360  Maximum speed of school bus.  A school bus shall not exceed:

      1.  A speed of 55 miles per hour when transporting pupils to and from school; or

      2.  The speed limit posted by a public authority for the portion of highway being traversed when transporting pupils to and from any activity which is properly a part of a school program.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1973, 1297; 1977, 407; 2015, 1351)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.365)

      NRS 484B.363  School zone or school crossing zone: Speed limit; designation; signs; U-turn and overtaking another vehicle prohibited; determination of hours in which speed limit is in effect; additional penalty if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

      1.  A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at a speed in excess of 15 miles per hour in an area designated as a school zone except:

      (a) On a day on which school is not in session;

      (b) During the period from a half hour after school is no longer in operation to a half hour before school is next in operation;

      (c) If the zone is designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the hours when the pupils of the school are in class and the yellow lights of the speed limit beacon are not flashing in the manner which indicates that the speed limit is in effect; or

      (d) If the zone is not designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the times when the sign designating the school zone indicates that the speed limit is not in effect.

      2.  A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at a speed in excess of 25 miles per hour in an area designated as a school crossing zone except:

      (a) On a day on which school is not in session;

      (b) During the period from a half hour after school is no longer in operation to a half hour before school is next in operation;

      (c) If the zone is designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the hours when the pupils of the school are in class and the yellow lights of the speed limit beacon are not flashing in the manner which indicates that the speed limit is in effect; or

      (d) If the zone is not designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the times when the sign designating the school zone indicates that the speed limit is not in effect.

      3.  The driver of a vehicle shall not make a U-turn in an area designated as a school zone or school crossing zone except:

      (a) When there are no children present;

      (b) On a day on which school is not in session;

      (c) During the period from a half hour after school is no longer in operation to a half hour before school is next in operation;

      (d) If the zone is designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the hours when the pupils of the school are in class and the yellow lights of the speed limit beacon are not flashing in the manner which indicates that the speed limit is in effect; or

      (e) If the zone is not designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the times when the sign designating the school zone or school crossing zone indicates that the speed limit is not in effect.

      4.  The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake and pass another vehicle traveling in the same direction in an area designated as a school zone or school crossing zone except:

      (a) On a day on which the school is not in session;

      (b) During the period from a half hour after school is no longer in operation to a half hour before school is next in operation;

      (c) If the zone is designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the hours when the pupils of the school are in class and the yellow lights of the speed limit beacon are not flashing in the manner which indicates that the speed limit is in effect; or

      (d) If the zone is not designated by an operational speed limit beacon, during the times when the sign designating the school zone or school crossing zone indicates that the speed limit is not in effect.

      5.  The governing body of a local government or the Department of Transportation shall designate school zones and school crossing zones. An area must not be designated as a school zone if imposing a speed limit of 15 miles per hour would be unsafe because of higher speed limits in adjoining areas.

      6.  Each such governing body and the Department of Transportation shall provide signs to mark the beginning and end of each school zone and school crossing zone which it respectively designates. Each sign marking the beginning of such a zone must include a designation of the hours when the speed limit is in effect or that the speed limit is in effect when children are present.

      7.  With respect to each school zone and school crossing zone in a school district, the superintendent of the school district or his or her designee, in conjunction with the Department of Transportation and the governing body of the local government that designated the school zone or school crossing zone and after consulting with the principal of the school and the agency that is responsible for enforcing the speed limit in the zone, shall determine the times when the speed limit is in effect.

      8.  If, while violating any provision of subsections 1 to 4, inclusive, the driver of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian or a person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter, the driver is subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.653.

      9.  As used in this section, “speed limit beacon” means a device which is used in conjunction with a sign and equipped with two or more yellow lights that flash alternately to indicate when the speed limit in a school zone or school crossing zone is in effect.

      (Added to NRS by 1985, 640; A 1993, 2586; 1999, 2674; 2011, 1635; 2015, 1574; 2019, 1890)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.366)

      NRS 484B.367  School zone or school crossing zone: Requirements for signs; placement of portable signs.

      1.  Each permanent sign which designates a school zone or school crossing zone and the speed limit in that zone must be uniform in size and color and must clearly designate the hours during which the speed limit applies.

      2.  Each portable sign designating a school zone or school crossing zone and the speed limit in the zone must be uniform in size and color. A portable sign may be placed on or beside a roadway only during those hours when pupils are arriving at and leaving regularly scheduled school sessions.

      (Added to NRS by 1985, 640; A 2001, 955; 2003, 365)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3665)

TURNING AND STARTING; SIGNALS ON STOPPING AND TURNING

      NRS 484B.400  Required position and method of turning at intersections.  If the driver of a vehicle intends to turn at an intersection and:

      1.  The turn is a right turn, both the approach for the right turn and the right turn must be made from the right turn lane if the highway has a right turn lane as set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.223, or must be made from the extreme right lane.

      2.  Both intersecting highways are two-directional:

      (a) The approach for a left turn must be made in that portion of the right half of the highway nearest the centerline thereof;

      (b) After entering the intersection, the left turn must be made so as to leave the intersection to the right of the centerline of the highway being entered; and

      (c) Except as otherwise directed by official traffic-control devices, simultaneous left turns by opposing traffic must be made in front of each other.

      3.  The turn is a left turn from a two-directional highway onto a one-way highway, the approach for the left turn must be made in that portion of the right half of the highway nearest the centerline thereof, and the turn must be made by turning from the right of the centerline where it enters the intersection as close as practicable to the left-hand curb of the one-way highway.

      4.  The turn is a left turn from a one-way highway onto a two-directional highway, the left turn must be made by passing to the right of the centerline of the highway being entered upon leaving the intersection, and the approach for the left turn must be made as close as practicable to the left-hand curb of the one-way highway.

      5.  The turn is a left turn where both intersecting highways are one-way, both the approach for the left turn and the left turn must be made as close as practicable to the left-hand curb or edge of the highway.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1497; A 1999, 1665)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.333)

      NRS 484B.403  When U-turns are authorized and prohibited; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  A U-turn may be made on any road where the turn can be made with safety, except as prohibited by this section and by the provisions of NRS 484B.227, 484B.363 and 484B.407.

      2.  If an official traffic-control device indicates that a U-turn is prohibited, the driver shall obey the directions of the device.

      3.  The driver of a vehicle shall not make a U-turn in a business district, except at an intersection or on a divided highway where an appropriate opening or crossing place exists.

      4.  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, local authorities and the Department of Transportation may prohibit U-turns at any location within their respective jurisdictions.

      5.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 1971, 1142; 1991, 247; 2003, 3241; 2015, 1576)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.337)

      NRS 484B.407  Turning on curve or crest of grade prohibited in certain circumstances.  A vehicle shall not be turned so as to proceed in the opposite direction upon any curve, or upon the approach to or near the crest of a grade, where such vehicle cannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle approaching from either direction within 500 feet.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1489)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.339)

      NRS 484B.410  Starting parked vehicle.  A person, except when stopping, standing or parking where no parking is permitted, shall not start a vehicle which is stopped, standing or parked on a highway nor enter upon a highway unless and until such movement can be made with safety.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1498)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.341)

      NRS 484B.413  Requirements for turning on highway; signal for stopping or decreasing speed.

      1.  A driver shall not turn a vehicle from a direct course upon a highway unless and until such movement can be made with reasonable safety, and then only after giving a clearly audible signal by sounding the horn if any pedestrian may be affected by such movement and after giving an appropriate signal if any other vehicle may be affected by such movement.

      2.  A signal of intention to turn right or left, or otherwise turn a vehicle from a direct course, shall be given continuously during not less than the last 100 feet traveled in a business or residential district and not less than the last 300 feet traveled in any other area prior to changing the course of a vehicle. This rule shall be observed, regardless of the weather.

      3.  A driver shall not stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle without first giving an appropriate signal to the driver of any vehicle immediately to the rear.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1494; A 1973, 1327)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.343)

      NRS 484B.417  Signal by hand and arm or signal lamp or device authorized.  Any signal required by chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS to be made by a driver when making a turn or a stop must be given either by means of a hand and arm or by a signal lamp or signal device of a type approved by the department, except if a vehicle is so constructed or loaded that a hand and arm signal would not be visible both to the front and rear of the vehicle, the signals must be given by a signal lamp or signal device.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1498; A 1985, 1946)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.345)

      NRS 484B.420  Methods of giving signals by hand and arm.  All signals given by hand and arm shall be given by hand and arm extended beyond the left side of the vehicle in the following manner, and shall indicate the turns that follow:

      1.  Left turn: Hand and arm extended horizontally.

      2.  Right turn: Hand and arm extended upward.

      3.  Stop or decrease speed: Hand and arm extended downward.

      4.  Reentering lane of traffic from parked position: Hand and arm extended horizontally.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1498)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.347)

STOPPING, STANDING AND PARKING

      NRS 484B.440  Stopping, standing or parking outside of business or residence district.

      1.  Upon any highway outside of a business or residence district no person shall stop, park or leave standing any vehicle, whether attended or unattended, upon the paved or main-traveled part of the highway when it is practicable to stop, park or so leave such vehicle off such part of the highway, but in every event an unobstructed width of the highway opposite a standing vehicle shall be left for the free passage of other vehicles and a clear view of such stopped vehicles shall be available from a distance of 200 feet in each direction upon such highway.

      2.  This section shall not apply to the driver of any vehicle which is disabled while on the paved or main-traveled portion of a highway in such manner and to such extent that it is impossible to avoid stopping and temporarily leaving such disabled vehicle in such position.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.395)

      NRS 484B.443  Law enforcement officer authorized to remove certain vehicles and property; protocol for selection and use of towing services; duties and liability of person removing vehicle or property; responsibility for cost of removal.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, whenever any law enforcement officer finds a vehicle standing upon a highway in violation of any of the provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS, the officer may move the vehicle, or require the driver or person in charge of the vehicle to move it, to a position off the paved, improved or main-traveled part of the highway.

      2.  Whenever any law enforcement officer finds a vehicle, the cargo of a vehicle or other property unattended, disabled or spilled upon any highway, bridge or causeway, or in any tunnel, where the vehicle, cargo or property constitutes an obstruction to traffic, interferes with the normal flow of traffic or otherwise endangers public safety, the officer or the law enforcement agency employing the officer, in coordination with unified command, if applicable, may provide for the immediate removal of the vehicle, cargo or property to a position where the vehicle, cargo or property no longer constitutes an obstruction to traffic, interferes with the normal flow of traffic or otherwise endangers public safety.

      3.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, any law enforcement officer may, subject to the requirements of subsection 4, remove any vehicle or part of a vehicle found on the highway, or cause it to be removed, to a garage or other place of safekeeping if:

      (a) The vehicle has been involved in a crash and is so disabled that its normal operation is impossible or impractical and the person or persons in charge of the vehicle are incapacitated by reason of physical injury or other reason to such an extent as to be unable to provide for its removal or custody, or are not in the immediate vicinity of the disabled vehicle;

      (b) The person driving or in actual physical control of the vehicle is arrested for any alleged offense for which the officer is required by law to take the person arrested before a proper magistrate without unnecessary delay; or

      (c) The person in charge of the vehicle is unable to provide for its custody or removal within:

             (1) Twenty-four hours after abandoning the vehicle on any freeway, United States highway or other primary arterial highway.

             (2) Seventy-two hours after abandoning the vehicle on any other highway.

      4.  Unless a different course of action is necessary to preserve evidence of a criminal offense, a law enforcement officer who wishes to have a vehicle or part of a vehicle removed from a highway pursuant to subsection 3 shall, in accordance with any applicable protocol such as a rotational schedule regarding the selection and use of towing services, cause the vehicle or part of a vehicle to be removed by a tow car operator. The tow car operator shall, to the extent practicable and using the shortest and most direct route, remove the vehicle or part of a vehicle to the garage of the tow car operator unless directed otherwise by the officer. The tow car operator is liable for any loss of or damage to the vehicle or its contents that occurs while the vehicle is in the possession or control of the tow car operator.

      5.  A person or entity, including a law enforcement officer, the law enforcement agency employing the law enforcement officer, unified command or a tow car operator who provides for the removal of a vehicle, the cargo of a vehicle or other property pursuant to subsection 2:

      (a) Is not liable for any loss of or damage to the vehicle, the contents of the vehicle, the cargo or the property that is removed; and

      (b) Must make a reasonable attempt, as soon as practicable, to notify the owner of the vehicle, cargo or property as to the location of the vehicle, cargo or property if the owner of the vehicle or property is not present at the time of removal and the owner of the vehicle, cargo or property is ascertainable by the officer.

      6.  All costs incurred under the provisions of subsection 2 must be borne by the owner of the vehicle, cargo or property.

      7.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Traffic incident” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 484B.607.

      (b) “Unified command” means a group of law enforcement officers or other persons organized to provide a coordinated response to a traffic incident which requires two or more responding entities within a jurisdiction or which requires responding entities from two or more jurisdictions. The responding entities may include, without limitation, police, fire or emergency medical personnel, a tow car operator, or a state or local governmental entity responsible for roadway or other infrastructure repair or maintenance.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503; A 1975, 775; 1983, 849; 1997, 2798; 2003, 1962; 2015, 1636; 2017, 1294)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.397)

      NRS 484B.447  Preservation of criminal evidence when vehicle is removed from highway.  Whenever any law enforcement officer provides for the removal of any vehicle pursuant to NRS 484B.443 and has probable cause to believe that the vehicle or its contents constitute any evidence which tends to show that a criminal offense has been committed, or tends to show that a particular person has committed a criminal offense, the officer shall take such steps as may be required by law and reasonably necessary to preserve the evidence, including but not limited to safe storage, until the evidence is released to the owner or otherwise disposed of according to law.

      (Added to NRS by 1975, 776; A 2017, 1295)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.398)

      NRS 484B.450  Stopping, standing or parking prohibited in specified places; exceptions.

      1.  A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle, except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliance with law or the directions of a police officer or official traffic-control device, in any of the following places:

      (a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, on a sidewalk;

      (b) In front of a public or private driveway;

      (c) Within an intersection;

      (d) Within 15 feet of a fire hydrant in a place where parallel parking is permitted, or within 20 feet of a fire hydrant if angle parking is permitted and a local ordinance requires the greater distance;

      (e) On a crosswalk;

      (f) Within 20 feet of a crosswalk;

      (g) Within 30 feet upon the approach to any official traffic-control signal located at the side of a highway;

      (h) Between a safety zone and the adjacent curb or within 30 feet of points on the curb immediately opposite the ends of a safety zone;

      (i) Within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad;

      (j) Within 20 feet of a driveway entrance to any fire station and, on the side of a highway opposite the entrance to any fire station, within 75 feet of that entrance;

      (k) Alongside or opposite any highway excavation or obstruction when stopping, standing or parking would obstruct traffic;

      (l) On the highway side of any vehicle stopped or parked at the edge of or curb of a highway;

      (m) Upon any bridge or other elevated structure or within a highway tunnel;

      (n) Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, within 5 feet of a public or private driveway; and

      (o) At any place where official traffic-control devices prohibit stopping, standing or parking.

      2.  The provisions of paragraph (n) of subsection 1 do not apply to a person operating a vehicle of the United States Postal Service if the vehicle is being operated for the official business of the United States Postal Service.

      3.  A person may park a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter on a sidewalk provided that the bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter does not impede the normal and reasonable movement of pedestrians on the sidewalk.

      4.  A person shall not move a vehicle not owned by the person into any prohibited area or away from a curb to a distance which is unlawful.

      5.  A local authority may place official traffic-control devices prohibiting or restricting the stopping, standing or parking of vehicles on any highway where in its opinion stopping, standing or parking is dangerous to those using the highway or where the vehicles which are stopping, standing or parking would unduly interfere with the free movement of traffic. It is unlawful for any person to stop, stand or park any vehicle in violation of the restrictions stated on those devices.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1501; A 1979, 35; 1993, 656; 2007, 356; 2019, 1892)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.399)

      NRS 484B.453  Prohibited parking in front of theaters, hotels and other buildings.  A person shall not park a vehicle at any time on any of the following parts of highways, sidewalks or sidewalk areas, where official traffic-control devices are erected giving notice thereof:

      1.  In front of a theater entrance.

      2.  In front of the entrance or exit of a hotel.

      3.  In front of the entrance to any building where any such device has been erected by a local authority.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.401)

      NRS 484B.457  Parallel and angle parking; stopping, standing and parking on highways under jurisdiction of Department of Transportation.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in this section, every vehicle stopped or parked upon a highway where there are adjacent curbs must be stopped or parked with the right-hand wheels of the vehicle parallel to and within 18 inches of the right-hand curb.

      2.  Local authorities may by ordinance permit parking of vehicles with the left-hand wheels adjacent to and within 18 inches of the left-hand curb of a one-way highway.

      3.  Local authorities may by ordinance permit angle parking on any highway, except that angle parking must not be permitted on any highway constructed and maintained by the Department of Transportation under the authority granted by chapter 408 of NRS unless the Department has determined that the highway is of sufficient width to permit angle parking without interfering with the free movement of traffic.

      4.  The Department of Transportation with respect to highways under its jurisdiction may place official traffic-control devices prohibiting or restricting the stopping, standing or parking of vehicles on any such highway where, in its opinion, such stopping, standing or parking is dangerous to those using the highway or where the stopping, standing or parking of vehicles would unduly interfere with the free movement of traffic thereon. It is unlawful for any person to stop, stand or park any vehicle in violation of the restrictions stated on those devices.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1979, 1806)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.403)

      NRS 484B.460  Parking at angle designated by devices permitting angle parking.  Upon those highways which have official traffic-control devices permitting angle parking, a person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle other than at the angle to the curb or edge of the highway indicated by such devices.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.405)

      NRS 484B.463  Special license plate or plates and special or temporary parking placards and stickers: Use; alternative use of special plate or plates issued to veteran with a disability; limitations. [Effective until the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, an owner or operator of a motor vehicle displaying a special parking placard, a special parking sticker, a temporary parking placard, a temporary parking sticker or a special plate or plates issued pursuant to NRS 482.384, or a special plate or plates for a veteran with a disability issued pursuant to NRS 482.3765, 482.377, 482.3775, 482.378 or 482.3783, may park the motor vehicle for not more than 4 hours at any one time in a parking zone restricted as to the length of time parking is permitted, without penalty, removal or impoundment of the vehicle if the parking is otherwise consistent with public safety and is done by a person with a permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability, a veteran with a disability or a person transporting any such person.

      2.  An owner or operator of a motor vehicle displaying a special plate or plates for a veteran with a disability issued pursuant to NRS 482.3765, 482.377, 482.3775, 482.378 or 482.3783 may, without displaying a special license plate, placard or sticker issued pursuant to NRS 482.384, park in a parking space designated for persons who are handicapped if:

      (a) The parking is done by a veteran with a disability; or

      (b) A veteran with a disability is a passenger in the motor vehicle being parked.

      3.  This section does not authorize the parking of a motor vehicle in any privately or municipally owned facility for parking off the highway without paying the required fee for the time during which the vehicle is so parked.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1501; A 1973, 82; 1975, 821; 1981, 784; 1985, 595; 1993, 1392; 1999, 2572; 2001, 1861; 2003, 381; 2005, 987; 2015, 259, 266)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.407)

      NRS 484B.463  Special license plate or plates and special or temporary parking placards and stickers: Use; alternative use of special plate or plates issued to veteran with a disability; limitations. [Effective on the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to enable the Department to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4, an owner or operator of a motor vehicle displaying a special parking placard, a special parking sticker, a temporary parking placard, a temporary parking sticker or a special plate or plates issued pursuant to NRS 482.384, or a special plate or plates for a veteran with a disability issued pursuant to NRS 482.3765, 482.377, 482.3775, 482.378 or 482.3783, may park the motor vehicle for not more than 4 hours at any one time in a parking zone restricted as to the length of time parking is permitted, without penalty, removal or impoundment of the vehicle if the parking is otherwise consistent with public safety and is done by a person with a permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability, a veteran with a disability or a person transporting any such person.

      2.  An owner or operator of a motor vehicle displaying a special plate or plates for a veteran with a disability issued pursuant to NRS 482.3765, 482.377, 482.3775, 482.378 or 482.3783 may, without displaying a special license plate, placard or sticker issued pursuant to NRS 482.384, park in a parking space designated for persons who are handicapped if:

      (a) The parking is done by a veteran with a disability; or

      (b) A veteran with a disability is a passenger in the motor vehicle being parked.

      3.  An owner or operator of a motor vehicle displaying a special license plate or plates, a special or temporary parking placard or a special or temporary parking sticker that has been issued pursuant to NRS 482.384 shall, if requested by a police officer or a volunteer appointed pursuant to NRS 484B.470, present the authorization letter issued pursuant to subsection 15 of NRS 482.384 so that the police officer or volunteer may view the photograph.

      4.  This section does not authorize the parking of a motor vehicle in any privately or municipally owned facility for parking off the highway without paying the required fee for the time during which the vehicle is so parked.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1501; A 1973, 82; 1975, 821; 1981, 784; 1985, 595; 1993, 1392; 1999, 2572; 2001, 1861; 2003, 381; 2005, 987; 2015, 259, 266, 479, effective on the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to enable the Department to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.407)

      NRS 484B.467  Parking space designated for persons who are handicapped: Signs; required plates, stickers or placards for parking; prohibited acts; penalty. [Effective until the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

      1.  Any parking space designated for persons who are handicapped must be indicated by a sign:

      (a) Bearing the international symbol of access with or without the words “Parking,” “Handicapped Parking,” “Handicapped Parking Only” or “Reserved for the Handicapped,” or any other word or combination of words indicating that the space is designated for persons who are handicapped;

      (b) Stating “Minimum fine of $250 for use by others” or equivalent words; and

      (c) The bottom of which must be not less than 4 feet above the ground.

      2.  In addition to the requirements of subsection 1, a parking space designated for persons who are handicapped which:

      (a) Is designed for the exclusive use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift; and

      (b) Is located in a parking lot with 60 or more parking spaces,

Ê must be indicated by a sign using a combination of words to state that the space is for the exclusive use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift.

      3.  If a parking space is designed for the use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift, the space which is immediately adjacent and intended for use in the loading and unloading of a wheelchair into or out of such a vehicle must be indicated by a sign:

      (a) Stating “No Parking” or similar words which indicate that parking in such a space is prohibited;

      (b) Stating “Minimum fine of $250 for violation” or similar words indicating that the minimum fine for parking in such a space is $250; and

      (c) The bottom of which must not be less than 4 feet above the ground.

      4.  An owner of private property upon which is located a parking space described in subsection 1, 2 or 3 shall erect and maintain or cause to be erected and maintained any sign required pursuant to subsection 1, 2 or 3, whichever is applicable. If a parking space described in subsection 1, 2 or 3 is located on public property, the governmental entity having control over that public property shall erect and maintain or cause to be erected and maintained any sign required pursuant to subsection 1, 2 or 3, whichever is applicable.

      5.  A person shall not park a vehicle in a space designated for persons who are handicapped by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 1, whether on public or privately owned property, unless the person is eligible to do so and the vehicle displays:

      (a) A special license plate or plates issued pursuant to NRS 482.384;

      (b) A special or temporary parking placard issued pursuant to NRS 482.384;

      (c) A special or temporary parking sticker issued pursuant to NRS 482.384;

      (d) A special license plate or plates, a special or temporary parking sticker, or a special or temporary parking placard displaying the international symbol of access issued by another state or a foreign country; or

      (e) A special license plate or plates for a veteran with a disability issued pursuant to NRS 482.3765, 482.377, 482.3775, 482.378 or 482.3783.

      6.  Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, a person shall not park a vehicle in a space that is reserved for the exclusive use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift and is designated for persons who are handicapped by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 2, whether on public or privately owned property, unless:

      (a) The person is eligible to do so;

      (b) The vehicle displays the special license plate, plates or placard set forth in subsection 5; and

      (c) The vehicle is equipped with a side-loading wheelchair lift.

Ê A person who meets the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) may park a vehicle that is not equipped with a side-loading wheelchair lift in such a parking space if the space is in a parking lot with fewer than 60 parking spaces.

      7.  A person shall not park in a space which:

      (a) Is immediately adjacent to a space designed for use by a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift; and

      (b) Is designated as a space in which parking is prohibited by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 3,

Ê whether on public or privately owned property.

      8.  A person shall not use a plate, sticker or placard set forth in subsection 5 to park in a space designated for persons who are handicapped unless he or she is a person with a permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability, a veteran with a disability or the driver of a vehicle in which any such person is a passenger.

      9.  A person with a permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability to whom a:

      (a) Special license plate, or a special or temporary parking sticker, has been issued pursuant to NRS 482.384 shall not allow any other person to park the vehicle, motorcycle or moped displaying the special license plate or special or temporary parking sticker in a space designated for persons who are handicapped unless the person with the permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability is a passenger in the vehicle or on the motorcycle or moped, or is being picked up or dropped off by the driver of the vehicle, motorcycle or moped, at the time that the vehicle, motorcycle or moped is parked in the space designated for persons who are handicapped.

      (b) Special or temporary parking placard has been issued pursuant to NRS 482.384 shall not allow any other person to park the vehicle which displays the special or temporary parking placard in a space designated for persons who are handicapped unless the person with the permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability is a passenger in the vehicle, or is being picked up or dropped off by the driver of the vehicle, at the time that it is parked in the space designated for persons who are handicapped.

      10.  A person who violates any of the provisions of subsections 5 to 9, inclusive, is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished:

      (a) Upon the first offense, by a fine of $250.

      (b) Upon the second offense, by a fine of $250 and not less than 8 hours, but not more than 50 hours, of community service.

      (c) Upon the third or subsequent offense, by a fine of not less than $500, but not more than $1,000 and not less than 25 hours, but not more than 100 hours, of community service.

      (Added to NRS by 1981, 985; A 1985, 595, 1566; 1989, 1317; 1991, 1375; 1993, 1393; 1995, 569, 2762; 1999, 54, 1680, 2573; 2001, 189, 566, 1861; 2003, 381; 2005, 987, 1370; 2015, 260, 266, 1766)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.408)

      NRS 484B.467  Parking space designated for persons who are handicapped: Signs; required plates, stickers or placards for parking; prohibited acts; penalty. [Effective on the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to enable the Department to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476.]

      1.  Any parking space designated for persons who are handicapped must be indicated by a sign:

      (a) Bearing the international symbol of access with or without the words “Parking,” “Handicapped Parking,” “Handicapped Parking Only” or “Reserved for the Handicapped,” or any other word or combination of words indicating that the space is designated for persons who are handicapped;

      (b) Stating “Minimum fine of $250 for use by others” or equivalent words; and

      (c) The bottom of which must be not less than 4 feet above the ground.

      2.  In addition to the requirements of subsection 1, a parking space designated for persons who are handicapped which:

      (a) Is designed for the exclusive use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift; and

      (b) Is located in a parking lot with 60 or more parking spaces,

Ê must be indicated by a sign using a combination of words to state that the space is for the exclusive use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift.

      3.  If a parking space is designed for the use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift, the space which is immediately adjacent and intended for use in the loading and unloading of a wheelchair into or out of such a vehicle must be indicated by a sign:

      (a) Stating “No Parking” or similar words which indicate that parking in such a space is prohibited;

      (b) Stating “Minimum fine of $250 for violation” or similar words indicating that the minimum fine for parking in such a space is $250; and

      (c) The bottom of which must not be less than 4 feet above the ground.

      4.  An owner of private property upon which is located a parking space described in subsection 1, 2 or 3 shall erect and maintain or cause to be erected and maintained any sign required pursuant to subsection 1, 2 or 3, whichever is applicable. If a parking space described in subsection 1, 2 or 3 is located on public property, the governmental entity having control over that public property shall erect and maintain or cause to be erected and maintained any sign required pursuant to subsection 1, 2 or 3, whichever is applicable.

      5.  A person shall not park a vehicle in a space designated for persons who are handicapped by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 1, whether on public or privately owned property, unless the person is eligible to do so and the vehicle displays:

      (a) A special license plate or plates issued pursuant to NRS 482.384;

      (b) A special or temporary parking placard issued pursuant to NRS 482.384;

      (c) A special or temporary parking sticker issued pursuant to NRS 482.384;

      (d) A special license plate or plates, a special or temporary parking sticker, or a special or temporary parking placard displaying the international symbol of access issued by another state or a foreign country; or

      (e) A special license plate or plates for a veteran with a disability issued pursuant to NRS 482.3765, 482.377, 482.3775, 482.378 or 482.3783.

      6.  Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, a person shall not park a vehicle in a space that is reserved for the exclusive use of a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift and is designated for persons who are handicapped by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 2, whether on public or privately owned property, unless:

      (a) The person is eligible to do so;

      (b) The vehicle displays the special license plate, plates or placard set forth in subsection 5; and

      (c) The vehicle is equipped with a side-loading wheelchair lift.

Ê A person who meets the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) may park a vehicle that is not equipped with a side-loading wheelchair lift in such a parking space if the space is in a parking lot with fewer than 60 parking spaces.

      7.  A person shall not park in a space which:

      (a) Is immediately adjacent to a space designed for use by a vehicle with a side-loading wheelchair lift; and

      (b) Is designated as a space in which parking is prohibited by a sign that meets the requirements of subsection 3,

Ê whether on public or privately owned property.

      8.  A person shall not use a plate, sticker or placard set forth in subsection 5 to park in a space designated for persons who are handicapped unless he or she is a person with a permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability, a veteran with a disability or the driver of a vehicle in which any such person is a passenger.

      9.  A person with a permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability to whom a:

      (a) Special license plate, or a special or temporary parking sticker, has been issued pursuant to NRS 482.384 shall not allow any other person to park the vehicle, motorcycle or moped displaying the special license plate or special or temporary parking sticker in a space designated for persons who are handicapped unless the person with the permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability is a passenger in the vehicle or on the motorcycle or moped, or is being picked up or dropped off by the driver of the vehicle, motorcycle or moped, at the time that the vehicle, motorcycle or moped is parked in the space designated for persons who are handicapped.

      (b) Special or temporary parking placard has been issued pursuant to NRS 482.384 shall not allow any other person to park the vehicle which displays the special or temporary parking placard in a space designated for persons who are handicapped unless the person with the permanent disability, disability of moderate duration or temporary disability is a passenger in the vehicle, or is being picked up or dropped off by the driver of the vehicle, at the time that it is parked in the space designated for persons who are handicapped.

      10.  An owner or operator of a motor vehicle displaying a special license plate or plates, a special or temporary parking placard or a special or temporary parking sticker that has been issued pursuant to NRS 482.384 shall, if requested by a police officer or a volunteer appointed pursuant to NRS 484B.470, present the authorization letter issued pursuant to subsection 15 of NRS 482.384 so that the police officer or volunteer may view the photograph.

      11.  A person who violates any of the provisions of subsections 5 to 9, inclusive, is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished:

      (a) Upon the first offense, by a fine of $250.

      (b) Upon the second offense, by a fine of $250 and not less than 8 hours, but not more than 50 hours, of community service.

      (c) Upon the third or subsequent offense, by a fine of not less than $500, but not more than $1,000 and not less than 25 hours, but not more than 100 hours, of community service.

      (Added to NRS by 1981, 985; A 1985, 595, 1566; 1989, 1317; 1991, 1375; 1993, 1393; 1995, 569, 2762; 1999, 54, 1680, 2573; 2001, 189, 566, 1861; 2003, 381; 2005, 987, 1370; 2015, 260, 266, 480, 1766, effective on the date on which the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles notifies the Governor and the Director of the Legislative Counsel Bureau that sufficient resources are available to enable the Department to carry out the provisions of chapter 129, Statutes of Nevada 2015, at page 476)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.408)

      NRS 484B.468  Parking space designated for charging electric or hybrid electric vehicles: Signs; prohibited acts; penalties.

      1.  A person shall not park a vehicle in a space designated for charging electric or hybrid electric vehicles by a sign or markings that meet the requirements of subsection 2, whether on public or privately owned property, if the vehicle is not connected to the charging station for the purpose of charging.

      2.  For the purpose of enforcing the provisions of subsection 1, a parking space designated for charging electric or hybrid electric vehicles must be indicated by a sign or markings that:

      (a) Are consistent with the manual and specifications for a uniform system of traffic-control devices adopted pursuant to NRS 484A.430; and

      (b) State “Minimum fine of $100 for use by others” or equivalent words.

      3.  A person who violates the provisions of subsection 1 shall be punished:

      (a) Upon the first offense, by a fine of $100.

      (b) Upon the second offense, by a fine of $200.

      (c) Upon the third or subsequent offense, by a fine of not less than $400, but not more than $750.

      4.  A violation of this section is not a moving violation for the purposes of NRS 483.473.

      (Added to NRS by 2019, 1388)

      NRS 484B.470  Local law enforcement agency authorized to appoint volunteers to enforce certain laws concerning parking for persons who are handicapped.

      1.  A local law enforcement agency may appoint volunteers to issue citations, prepared manually or electronically, for the violation of the provisions of NRS 484B.467 or ordinances enacted by a local authority that govern parking for persons who are handicapped.

      2.  The local law enforcement agency appointing volunteers shall:

      (a) Establish minimum qualifications for the volunteers;

      (b) Provide training to the volunteers before authorizing them to issue citations; and

      (c) Provide the volunteers with appropriate equipment, including, but not limited to, uniforms or other identifying attire and traffic citations issued in books or electronic devices that may be used to issue citations.

      3.  A citation issued by a volunteer appointed pursuant to subsection 1 has the same force and effect as a citation issued by a peace officer. The volunteer shall file the original or a copy of the citation in the manner prescribed in NRS 484A.680.

      4.  For the purposes of this section, a person who volunteers to a local law enforcement agency to issue citations pursuant to subsection 1 shall be deemed an employee of a political subdivision of this State for the purposes of NRS 616A.160 if the person has successfully completed the training course for the issuance of such citations provided by the local law enforcement agency.

      5.  Local law enforcement agencies are not liable for the negligent acts or omissions of a person who volunteers to issue citations pursuant to subsection 1 unless:

      (a) The volunteer made a specific promise or representation to a natural person who relied upon the promise or representation to his or her detriment; or

      (b) The conduct of the volunteer affirmatively caused the harm.

Ê The provisions of this section are not intended to abrogate the principle of common law that the duty of governmental entities to provide services is a duty owed to the public, not to individual persons.

      6.  An owner of private property on which there are parking spaces designated for persons who are handicapped, or the owner or operator of a business establishment located on such property, is not liable for any acts or omissions resulting from the issuance of a citation by a volunteer pursuant to this section.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 70; A 1999, 1145)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.4085)

      NRS 484B.473  Parked vehicle at nighttime: Reflectors; lights.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided by law, whenever a vehicle equipped with all reflectors required by law is lawfully parked at nighttime upon any highway, no lights need be displayed upon such parked vehicle.

      2.  Whenever lights are displayed upon a vehicle lawfully parked at nighttime upon any highway, such lights shall be depressed or dimmed, in the event cowl or parking lamps are not used.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1501)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.409)

      NRS 484B.477  Stopping, standing or parking in alley.

      1.  Unless otherwise provided by ordinance of the local authority having jurisdiction, a person shall not:

      (a) Stop, stand or park a vehicle within an alley in a business district except for the expeditious loading or unloading of goods.

      (b) Stop, stand or park a vehicle in any other alley in such a manner, or under such conditions as to leave available less than 10 feet of the width of the alley for the free movement of vehicular traffic.

      2.  A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle within an alley in such position as to block the driveway or entrance to any abutting property.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.411)

      NRS 484B.480  All-night parking.  Unless otherwise provided by ordinance of the local authority having jurisdiction, a person, except physicians or other persons on emergency calls, shall not park a vehicle on any highway which has an official traffic-control device prohibiting all-night parking for a period of time longer than 30 minutes between the hours of 2 a.m. and 5 a.m. of any day.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.413)

      NRS 484B.483  Parking for certain purposes prohibited.  No person may park a vehicle upon any highway for the principal purpose of:

      1.  Displaying the vehicle for sale.

      2.  Washing, greasing or repairing the vehicle, except repairs necessitated by an emergency.

      3.  Soliciting business.

      4.  Selling merchandise from the vehicle except in a duly established market place, or one so authorized or licensed by the local authority.

      5.  Storage, or as junkage or dead storage, for more than 72 hours.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503; A 1987, 383)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.418)

      NRS 484B.487  Parking adjacent to school.  When official traffic-control devices are erected giving notice thereof, a person shall not park a vehicle upon either side of any highway adjacent to any school.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.421)

      NRS 484B.490  Parking on narrow highway.  When official traffic-control devices are erected prohibiting parking upon a narrow highway, a person shall not park a vehicle upon any such highway.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.423)

      NRS 484B.493  Standing or parking on one-way street.  When official traffic-control devices are erected giving notice thereof, a person shall not stand or park a vehicle upon the left-hand side of a one-way street.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.425)

      NRS 484B.497  Standing or parking on one-way roadway.  If a laned roadway is restricted to one direction, a person shall not stand or park a vehicle upon the left-hand side of such one-way roadway unless official traffic-control devices are erected permitting such standing or parking.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.427)

      NRS 484B.500  Stopping, standing or parking near hazardous or congested place.  When official traffic-control devices are erected at hazardous or congested places, a person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle in any such designated place.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.429)

      NRS 484B.503  Stopping, standing or parking in zone for loading passengers at curb.  A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle for any purpose or period of time except for the expeditious loading or unloading of passengers in any place marked as a passenger curb loading zone during hours when the regulations applicable to such passenger curb loading zone are effective.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1503)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.431)

      NRS 484B.507  Stopping, standing or parking in zone for loading freight at curb.

      1.  A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle for any purpose or length of time other than for the expeditious unloading and delivery or pickup and loading of materials in any place marked as a freight curb loading zone during hours when the provisions applicable to such zones are in effect.

      2.  The driver of a vehicle may stop temporarily at a place marked as a freight curb loading zone for the purpose of and while actually engaged in loading or unloading passengers, when such stopping does not interfere with any motor vehicle used for the transportation of materials which is waiting to enter or about to enter such zone.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.433)

      NRS 484B.510  Stopping, standing or parking in restricted parking zone.  A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle for any purpose or length of time in any restricted parking zone other than for the purpose to which parking in such zone is restricted, except that a driver of a passenger vehicle may stop temporarily in such zone for the purpose of and while actually engaged in loading or unloading of passengers when such stopping does not interfere with any vehicle which is waiting to enter or about to enter the zone for the purpose of parking in accordance with the purpose to which parking is restricted.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.435)

      NRS 484B.513  Stopping, standing and parking of bus or taxicab.  The operator of a bus or taxicab shall not stop, stand or park upon any highway in any business district at any place other than a bus stop or taxicab stand, respectively, except that this provision does not prohibit the driver of any such vehicle from temporarily stopping in accordance with other stopping, standing or parking regulations at any place for the purpose of and while engaged in the expeditious unloading or loading of passengers.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.437)

      NRS 484B.517  Restricted use of bus and taxicab stands.  A person shall not stop, stand or park a vehicle other than a bus in a bus stop, or a taxicab in a taxicab stand, when such stop or stand has been officially designated and appropriately signed, except that the driver of a passenger vehicle may temporarily stop there and for the purpose of and while actually engaged in expeditiously loading or unloading of passengers when such stopping does not interfere with any bus or taxicab waiting to enter or about to enter such zone.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.439)

      NRS 484B.520  Regulation of stopping, standing or parking by local authority.

      1.  A local authority may erect, pursuant to ordinance, official traffic-control devices regulating the stopping, standing or parking of vehicles on any highway under its jurisdiction.

      2.  When devices are erected giving notice thereof, it is unlawful for any person to stop, stand or park a vehicle for longer than the time designated by any such sign.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.441)

      NRS 484B.523  Stopping, standing or parking in metered parking zone; unlawful tampering with meter.

      1.  When parking meters are erected by any local authority pursuant to an adopted ordinance giving notice thereof, it is unlawful for any person to stop, stand or park a vehicle in any metered parking zone for a period of time longer than designated by such parking meters upon a deposit of a coin of United States currency of the designated denomination.

      2.  Every vehicle shall be parked wholly within the metered parking space for which the meter shows parking privilege has been granted.

      3.  It is unlawful for any unauthorized person to remove, deface, tamper with, open, willfully break, destroy or damage any parking meter, or willfully to manipulate any parking meter in such a manner that the indicator will fail to show the correct amount of unexpired time before a violation occurs.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1504; A 2011, 2876, 2877)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.443)

      NRS 484B.527  Local authority authorized to file notice of nonpayment with Department if registered owner of motor vehicle fails to pay certain penalties, fines or other charges; contents of notice; regulations.

      1.  If the registered owner of a motor vehicle fails to pay any civil penalty or criminal fine or any other charge imposed against the registered owner for a violation of:

      (a) The provisions of NRS 484B.440 to 484B.523, inclusive; or

      (b) An ordinance of a local authority authorized by chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS which covers the same subject matter as the provisions of NRS 484B.440 to 484B.523, inclusive,

Ê the local authority which imposed that penalty, fine or charge may file a notice of nonpayment with the Department.

      2.  The notice must include:

      (a) The time, place and date of each violation;

      (b) The number of the license plate of the vehicle and the make and model year of the vehicle;

      (c) The amount of the fine and any other charge imposed for each violation;

      (d) The total amount of money owed to the local authority for those violations; and

      (e) Any other information the Department may require.

      3.  The Department shall adopt regulations which prescribe the form for the notice of nonpayment and any information which must be included in that notice.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2360; A 1997, 465)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.444)

      NRS 484B.530  Unattended motor vehicle: Stopping engine, locking ignition and removing key.  The person driving or in charge of any motor vehicle, except a commercial vehicle loading or unloading goods shall not permit it to stand unattended without first stopping the engine, locking the ignition and removing the key.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.445)

      NRS 484B.533  Unattended motor vehicle: Standing on grade.  A vehicle shall not be permitted to stand unattended upon any perceptible grade without stopping the engine and effectively setting the brake thereon and turning the front wheels to the curb or side of the highway.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1502)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.447)

SPECIAL STOPS

Signal by Peace Officer

      NRS 484B.550  Stop required upon signal of peace officer; manner in which signal must be given; penalties.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in this section, the driver of a motor vehicle on a highway or premises to which the public has access who willfully fails or refuses to bring the vehicle to a stop, or who otherwise flees or attempts to elude a peace officer in a readily identifiable vehicle of any police department or regulatory agency, when given a signal to bring the vehicle to a stop is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      2.  The signal by the peace officer described in subsection 1 must be by flashing red lamp and siren.

      3.  Unless the provisions of NRS 484B.653 apply if, while violating the provisions of subsection 1, the driver of the motor vehicle:

      (a) Is the proximate cause of damage to the property of any other person; or

      (b) Operates the motor vehicle in a manner which endangers or is likely to endanger any other person or the property of any other person,

Ê the driver is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 1 year and a maximum term of not more than 6 years, or by a fine of not more than $5,000, or by both fine and imprisonment.

      4.  If, while violating the provisions of subsection 1, the driver of the motor vehicle is the proximate cause of the death of or bodily harm to any other person, the driver is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 2 years and a maximum term of not more than 20 years, or by a fine of not more than $50,000, or by both fine and imprisonment.

      5.  If the driver of the motor vehicle is convicted of a violation of NRS 484C.110 or 484C.120 arising out of the same act or transaction as a violation of subsection 1, the driver is guilty of a category D felony and shall be punished as provided in NRS 193.130 for the violation of subsection 1.

      (Added to NRS by 1975, 320; A 1979, 1805; 1981, 533; 1983, 1014; 1985, 26; 1989, 1194; 1993, 524; 1995, 1297, 1725; 1997, 547; 2003, 487; 2007, 2728; 2009, 1866; 2019, 2653)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.348)

Railroad Grade Crossings

      NRS 484B.553  Obedience to signal indicating approach of railroad train or other on-track equipment.

      1.  Whenever any person driving a vehicle approaches a railroad grade crossing and a clearly visible official traffic-control or railroad device gives warning of the immediate approach of a train or other on-track equipment, the driver of such vehicle shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest track of such railroad and shall not proceed until the driver can do so safely. The foregoing requirements shall apply when:

      (a) A clearly visible electric or mechanical signal device gives warning of the immediate approach of a railroad train or other on-track equipment.

      (b) A crossing gate is lowered or when a flagger gives or continues to give a signal of the approach or passage of a railroad train or other on-track equipment.

      (c) A railroad train or other on-track equipment approaching within approximately 1,500 feet of the highway crossing emits a signal audible from such distance and such railroad train or other on-track equipment, by reason of its speed or nearness to such crossing, is an immediate hazard.

      (d) An approaching railroad train or other on-track equipment is plainly visible and is in hazardous proximity to such crossing.

      2.  A person shall not drive any vehicle through, around or under any crossing gate or barrier at a railroad crossing while such gate or barrier is closed or is being opened or closed.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1493; A 2019, 342)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.349)

      NRS 484B.557  Stop required at certain railroad grade crossings.  The Department of Transportation, and local authorities with the approval of the Department of Transportation, may designate dangerous highway grade crossings of railroads and erect official traffic-control devices at such crossings directing a stop. When such stop signs are erected the driver of any vehicle shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest track of such a grade crossing and afterward may proceed only upon exercising due care.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1494; A 1979, 1804)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.351)

      NRS 484B.560  Certain vehicles required to stop at all railroad grade crossings; exceptions; vehicles required to completely cross railroad grade crossings.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4, the driver of a bus carrying passengers, or of any school bus carrying any school child, or of any vehicle carrying hazardous materials as that term is defined in 49 C.F.R. § 383.5, before crossing at grade any track or tracks of a railroad, shall stop that vehicle within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest rail of the railroad and while so stopped shall listen and look in both directions along the track for any approaching train or other on-track equipment, and for signals indicating the approach of a train or other on-track equipment, and shall not proceed until the driver can do so safely.

      2.  After stopping as required in this section and upon proceeding when it is safe to do so, the driver of any such vehicle shall cross only in a gear of the vehicle that there will be no necessity for changing gears while traversing the crossing and the driver shall not shift gears while crossing the track or tracks.

      3.  When stopping is required at a railroad crossing the driver shall keep as far to the right of the highway as possible and shall not form two lanes of traffic unless the highway is marked for four or more lanes of traffic.

      4.  No such stop need be made at a railroad crossing:

      (a) Where a police officer or official traffic-control device controls the movement of traffic.

      (b) Which is marked with a device indicating that the crossing is abandoned.

      (c) Which is a streetcar crossing or is used exclusively for industrial switching purposes within an area designated as a business district.

      (d) Which is marked with a sign identifying it as an exempt crossing. Signs identifying a crossing as exempt may be erected only:

             (1) If the tracks are an industrial or spur line;

             (2) By or with the consent of the appropriate state or local authority which has jurisdiction over the road; and

             (3) After the State or the local authority has held a public hearing to determine whether the crossing should be designated an exempt crossing.

      5.  It is unlawful for the driver of any vehicle, when crossing at grade any track or tracks of a railroad, to fail to completely cross the track or tracks without stopping due to insufficient:

      (a) Space for the vehicle on the opposite side of the railroad crossing; or

      (b) Undercarriage clearance of the vehicle.

      6.  As used in this section, “completely cross” means to travel across a railroad track or tracks in such a manner that the trailing end of the vehicle is 15 feet or more past the nearest rail of the railroad track or tracks.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 1979, 1117; 2015, 194; 2019, 342)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.353)

      NRS 484B.563  Moving heavy equipment at railroad grade crossing.

      1.  It is unlawful for any person to operate or move any crawler-type tractor, power shovel, derrick, roller, or any vehicle, equipment or structure having a normal operating speed of 10 or less miles per hour or a vertical body or load clearance of less than one-half inch per foot of the distance between any two adjacent axles or in any event of less than 9 inches, measured above the level surface of a highway, upon or across any tracks at a railroad grade crossing without first complying with this section.

      2.  Before making any such crossing the person operating or moving any such vehicle or equipment shall first stop the same not less than 15 feet nor more than 50 feet from the nearest rail of such railroad and while so stopped shall listen and look in both directions along such track for any approaching train or other on-track equipment and for signals indicating the approach of a train or other on-track equipment, and shall not proceed until the crossing can be made safely.

      3.  No such crossing shall be made when warning is given by automatic signal or crossing gates or a flagger or otherwise of the immediate approach of a railroad train or car or other on-track equipment. If a flagger is provided by the railroad, movement over the crossing shall be under the direction of the flagger.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1494; A 2019, 343)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.355)

Roadblocks

      NRS 484B.570  Administrative roadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

      1.  The police officers in this State may establish, in their respective jurisdictions, administrative roadblocks upon the highways of this State for any lawful purpose other than identifying the occupants of a vehicle or because of the existence of an emergency.

      2.  To warn and protect the traveling public, administrative roadblocks established by police officers must meet the following requirements:

      (a) The administrative roadblock must be established at a point on the highway clearly visible to approaching traffic at a distance of not less than 100 yards in either direction.

      (b) At the entrance to the administrative roadblock:

             (1) A sign must be placed near the centerline of the highway displaying the word “Stop” in letters of sufficient size and luminosity to be readable at a distance of not less than 50 yards in the direction affected by the administrative roadblock, either in daytime or darkness.

             (2) At least one red flashing or intermittent light, on and burning, must be placed at the side of the highway, clearly visible to the oncoming traffic at a distance of not less than 100 yards.

      (c) Warning signs must be placed at the side of the highway, containing any wording of sufficient size and luminosity to warn the oncoming traffic that a “police stop” lies ahead, and a burning beam light, flare or lantern must be placed near the signs to attract the attention of the traffic to the signs. The signs must be placed at a distance of not less than:

             (1) One-quarter of a mile from the entrance to the administrative roadblock if the portion of the highway containing the administrative roadblock is in a rural area.

             (2) Seven hundred feet from the entrance to the administrative roadblock if the portion of the highway containing the administrative roadblock is in an urban area.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 1987, 1073; 2011, 301)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.359)

      NRS 484B.573  Temporary roadblock: Establishment; minimum requirements.

      1.  The police officers in this State may establish, in their respective jurisdictions, or in other jurisdictions within this State, temporary roadblocks upon the highways of this State:

      (a) To apprehend persons known to be wanted for violation of the laws of this State, another state or the United States, and using the highways of this State for the purpose of escape; or

      (b) To control traffic at or near the scene of a potential or existing emergency or hazard.

      2.  To warn and protect the traveling public, temporary roadblocks established by police officers must meet the following requirements:

      (a) The temporary roadblock must be established at a point on the highway clearly visible at a distance of not less than 100 yards in either direction.

      (b) At the entrance to the temporary roadblock:

             (1) An authorized emergency vehicle, plainly and clearly marked as such and with its warning lights in operation, must be placed so as to be clearly visible to traffic affected by the temporary roadblock at a distance of not less than 100 yards. When so placed, at least one of the vehicle’s flashing red lights must be visible to approaching traffic at a distance of not less than 100 yards.

             (2) Sufficient cones, reflectors, burning flares or similar devices must be in place to identify the entrance to the temporary roadblock and direct, as necessary, the path to be followed by a vehicle approaching the temporary roadblock. The devices, when in place, must be clearly visible to traffic affected by the temporary roadblock at a distance of not less than 100 yards.

      (c) At a point located not less than 200 yards, but not more than 400 yards, from the entrance to the temporary roadblock, cones, reflectors, burning flares or similar devices must be placed on both shoulders of the highway and near the centerline of the highway to warn traffic that a condition hazardous to traffic exists in the immediate vicinity.

      (Added to NRS by 1987, 1072; A 2011, 302)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3591)

      NRS 484B.574  Flooding or water on roadway: Liability for expenses if person travels through temporary roadblock or is convicted of reckless driving; limitations on liability and expenses; immunity from liability.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 4 and 5, a person who, as described in NRS 484B.580, unlawfully proceeds or travels through a temporary roadblock established pursuant to NRS 484B.573 because of flooding or water on the roadway, is liable for the expenses of any emergency response that is required to:

      (a) Remove the driver or any passenger from the vehicle;

      (b) Move or remove the vehicle that becomes inoperable from the roadway or any area near the roadway where the vehicle creates a hazard; or

      (c) Both (a) and (b).

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 4, a person who is convicted of reckless driving pursuant to NRS 484B.653 for driving a vehicle into any area that is temporarily covered by a rise in water level as a result of flooding or any other cause, may be liable for the expenses of any emergency response that is required to:

      (a) Remove the driver or any passenger from the vehicle;

      (b) Move or remove the vehicle that becomes inoperable from the area; or

      (c) Both (a) and (b).

      3.  The liability imposed by this section is in addition to and does not limit any other liability that may be imposed in accordance with law.

      4.  A person’s liability for the expenses of any emergency response pursuant to this section must not exceed $2,000 for a single incident.

      5.  A person who violates subsection 1 as a result of making a good faith effort to assist a person who is or appears to be in danger because of flooding or water on the roadway is immune from the liability imposed by this section.

      6.  An insurance policy may exclude coverage for a person’s liability for the expenses of any emergency response as described in this section.

      7.  The expenses of any emergency response pursuant to this section are a charge against the person liable for those expenses in accordance with this section. The charge constitutes a debt of that person and may be collected proportionately by the public entities, for profit entities or nonprofit entities that incurred the expenses.

      8.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Expenses of any emergency response” means all reasonable costs and expenses directly incurred by any entity making an appropriate emergency response and removing a person from a vehicle or moving or removing a vehicle pursuant to subsection 1 or 2. The term includes, without limitation:

            (1) The salary or wages of any person participating in the emergency response;

             (2) The deemed wages of any volunteer of a public entity participating in the emergency response; and

             (3) The costs for the use or operation of any equipment used in the emergency response, including, without limitation, the cost of fuel for the equipment.

      (b) The term does not include any fees or charges assessed for the use of an air ambulance or ambulance, as those terms are defined in NRS 450B.030 and 450B.040, respectively.

      (Added to NRS by 2015, 1122)

      NRS 484B.577  Authority of police officers not limited by provisions relating to roadblocks.  The provisions of NRS 484B.570 and 484B.573 do not limit the existing authority of police officers in the performance of their duties involving traffic control.

      (Added to NRS by 1987, 1073)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3593)

      NRS 484B.580  Failure to stop at roadblock; penalties.

      1.  It is unlawful for a person to:

      (a) Proceed or travel through an administrative roadblock or a temporary roadblock without subjecting himself or herself to the traffic control established at the roadblock.

      (b) Disobey the lawful orders or directions of a police officer at an administrative roadblock or a temporary roadblock.

      2.  A person who unlawfully proceeds through an administrative roadblock or a temporary roadblock shall be punished:

      (a) If the person is the direct cause of a death or substantial bodily harm to any person, or damage to property in excess of $1,000, for a category B felony by imprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 1 year and a maximum term of not more than 6 years, or by a fine of not more than $5,000, or by both fine and imprisonment.

      (b) If no death, substantial bodily harm or damage to property in excess of $1,000 occurs, for a gross misdemeanor.

      (Added to NRS by 1987, 1073; A 1995, 1298)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3595)

Controlled-Access Highway

      NRS 484B.587  Obedience to signs relating to controlled-access highway; restrictions on driving on controlled-access highway; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone.

      1.  When official traffic-control devices are erected giving notice thereof, a person shall not drive a vehicle onto or from any controlled-access highway except at those entrances and exits which are indicated by such devices.

      2.  Except if required by an emergency, a person shall not drive a vehicle on a controlled-access highway:

      (a) Upon any portion of the highway that lies outside of a marked traffic lane or marked entrance or exit lane; or

      (b) Across any solid white line that separates an entrance or exit lane from a marked traffic lane.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 2003, 3241; 2009, 154)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.311)

      NRS 484B.590  Heavy-vehicle lanes: Authority of Department of Transportation to erect advisory signs on controlled-access facilities.

      1.  The Department of Transportation may erect advisory signs at reasonable intervals on any controlled-access facility within its jurisdiction which has three or more lanes for traffic traveling in one direction to advise operators of vehicles with a declared gross weight in excess of 26,000 pounds in which lanes they should travel.

      2.  As used in this section, “controlled-access facility” means a highway or street especially designed for through traffic, and over, from or to which owners or occupants of abutting land or other persons have no right or easement, or only a controlled right or easement of access, light, air or view, by reason of the fact that their property abuts upon the controlled-access facility or for any other reason.

      (Added to NRS by 2007, 241)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3125)

      NRS 484B.593  Restrictions on use of controlled-access highway; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  The Department of Transportation or a local authority, after considering the advice of the Nevada Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board, may with respect to any controlled-access highway under its jurisdiction:

      (a) Require a permit for the use of the highway by pedestrians, bicycles or other nonmotorized traffic or by any person operating a power cycle; or

      (b) If it determines that the use of the highway for such a purpose would not be safe, prohibit the use of the highway by pedestrians, bicycles or other nonmotorized traffic.

      2.  Any person who violates any prohibition or restriction enacted pursuant to subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1979, 1804; 1987, 1103; 1991, 2229; 2009, 398)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.313)

      NRS 484B.593  Restrictions on use of controlled-access highway; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  The Department of Transportation or a local authority, after considering the advice of the Nevada Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board, may with respect to any controlled-access highway under its jurisdiction:

      (a) Require a permit for the use of the highway by pedestrians, bicycles or other nonmotorized traffic or by any person operating a power cycle; or

      (b) If it determines that the use of the highway for such a purpose would not be safe, prohibit the use of the highway by pedestrians, bicycles or other nonmotorized traffic.

      2.  Any person who violates any prohibition or restriction enacted pursuant to subsection 1 is guilty of a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1500; A 1979, 1804; 1987, 1103; 1991, 2229; 2009, 398; 2021, 3334, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.313)

RESTRICTIONS ON SPEED

      NRS 484B.600  Basic rule; additional penalties for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone or if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter; discretion of court to reduce violation in certain circumstances; maximum fine. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  It is unlawful for any person to drive or operate a vehicle of any kind or character at:

      (a) A rate of speed greater than is reasonable or proper, having due regard for the traffic, surface and width of the highway, the weather and other highway conditions.

      (b) Such a rate of speed as to endanger the life, limb or property of any person.

      (c) A rate of speed greater than that posted by a public authority for the particular portion of highway being traversed.

      (d) A rate of speed that results in the injury of another person or of any property.

      (e) In any event, a rate of speed greater than 80 miles per hour.

      2.  If, while violating any provision of subsection 1, the driver of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian or a person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter, the driver is subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.653.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      4.  Except as otherwise provided by law, if a person is issued a traffic citation for a violation of any provision of subsection 1, the court may, in its discretion, reduce the violation from a moving traffic violation to a violation that is not a moving traffic violation. There is a presumption in favor of reducing the violation if the person pays the entire amount of the fine and all fees due before the date on which the person is first required to make an appearance relating to the citation, whether by personal appearance or through his or her counsel, but such a presumption may be overcome if the driving record of the person demonstrates a pattern of moving traffic violations.

      5.  Any fine imposed pursuant to paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (e) of subsection 1 must not exceed $20 for each mile per hour a person travels above the posted speed limit or the proper rate of speed at which the person should be traveling, as applicable. The provisions of this subsection apply regardless of whether a person pays the entire amount of the fine and all fees due in accordance with subsection 4.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1975, 754; 1987, 656; 1995, 2441, 2442; 2003, 3241; 2011, 1636; 2015, 308, 1576; 2019, 1893, 2281)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.361)

      NRS 484B.600  Basic rule; penalties; discretion of court to reduce violation in certain circumstances; maximum fine; unlawful act. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  It is unlawful for any person to drive or operate a vehicle of any kind or character at:

      (a) A rate of speed greater than is reasonable or proper, having due regard for the traffic, surface and width of the highway, the weather and other highway conditions.

      (b) Such a rate of speed as to endanger the life, limb or property of any person.

      (c) A rate of speed greater than that posted by a public authority for the particular portion of highway being traversed.

      (d) A rate of speed that results in the injury of another person or of any property.

      (e) In any event, a rate of speed greater than 80 miles per hour.

      2.  If, while violating any provision of subsection 1, the driver of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian or a person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter, the driver is subject to the additional penalty set forth in subsection 4 of NRS 484B.653.

      3.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      4.  Except as otherwise provided by law, if a person is issued a traffic citation for a violation of any provision of subsection 1, the court may, in its discretion, reduce the violation from a moving traffic violation to a violation that is not a moving traffic violation. There is a presumption in favor of reducing the violation if the person pays the entire amount of the fine and all fees due before the date on which the person is first required to make an appearance relating to the citation, whether by personal appearance or through his or her counsel, but such a presumption may be overcome if the driving record of the person demonstrates a pattern of moving traffic violations.

      5.  Any fine imposed pursuant to paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (e) of subsection 1 must not exceed $20 for each mile per hour a person travels above the posted speed limit or the proper rate of speed at which the person should be traveling, as applicable. The provisions of this subsection apply regardless of whether a person pays the entire amount of the fine and all fees due in accordance with subsection 4.

      6.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 7, a person who commits a violation of any provision of this section that causes physical injury to a person or damage to property shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $1,000.

      7.  A person who commits a violation of any provision of this section and, at the time the violation was committed, was operating a vehicle at a rate of speed that was 30 miles per hour or more over that posted by a public authority is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1975, 754; 1987, 656; 1995, 2441, 2442; 2003, 3241; 2011, 1636; 2015, 308, 1576; 2019, 1893, 2281; 2021, 3334, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.361)

      NRS 484B.603  Duty of driver to decrease speed under certain circumstances; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  The fact that the speed of a vehicle is lower than the prescribed limits does not relieve a driver from the duty to decrease speed when approaching and crossing an intersection, when approaching and going around a curve, when approaching a hill crest, when traveling upon any narrow or winding highway, or when special hazards exist or may exist with respect to pedestrians or other traffic, or by reason of weather or other highway conditions, and speed must be decreased as may be necessary to avoid colliding with any person, vehicle or other conveyance on or entering a highway in compliance with legal requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care.

      2.  Any person who fails to use due care as required by subsection 1 may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1495; A 2003, 3242; 2015, 1576)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.363)

      NRS 484B.607  Duties of driver when approaching traffic incident; penalty.

      1.  Upon approaching any traffic incident, the driver of the approaching vehicle shall, in the absence of other direction given by a law enforcement officer:

      (a) Decrease the speed of the vehicle to a speed that is reasonable and proper, pursuant to the criteria set forth in subsection 1 of NRS 484B.600;

      (b) Proceed with caution;

      (c) Be prepared to stop; and

      (d) If possible, drive in a lane that is not adjacent to the lane or lanes where the traffic incident is located unless roadway, traffic, weather or other conditions make doing so unsafe or impossible.

      2.  A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      3.  As used in this section, “traffic incident” means any vehicle, person, condition or other traffic hazard which is located on or near a roadway and which poses a danger to the flow of traffic or to a person involved in, responding to or assisting with the traffic hazard. The term includes, without limitation:

      (a) An authorized emergency vehicle which is stopped and is making use of flashing lights meeting the requirements of subsection 3 of NRS 484A.480;

      (b) A tow car which is stopped and is making use of flashing amber warning lights meeting the requirements of NRS 484B.748 or lamps that emit nonflashing blue light meeting the requirements of NRS 484D.475, or both;

      (c) An authorized vehicle used by the Department of Transportation which is stopped or moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic and which is making use of flashing amber warning lights meeting the requirements of subsection 1 of NRS 484D.185 or lamps that emit nonflashing blue light meeting the requirements of NRS 484D.200;

      (d) A vehicle, owned or operated by a person who contracts with the Department of Transportation to provide aid to motorists or to mitigate traffic incidents, which is stopped or moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic and making use of lamps that emit nonflashing blue light meeting the requirements of NRS 484D.200;

      (e) A public utility vehicle which is stopped or moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic and is making use of flashing amber warning lights meeting the requirements of NRS 484D.195;

      (f) An authorized vehicle of a local governmental agency which is stopped or moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic and is making use of flashing amber warning lights meeting the requirements of NRS 484D.185;

      (g) Any vehicle which is stopped or moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic and is making use of flashing amber warning lights meeting the requirements of NRS 484D.185;

      (h) A crash scene;

      (i) A stalled vehicle;

      (j) Debris on the roadway; or

      (k) A person who is out of his or her vehicle attending to a repair of the vehicle.

      (Added to NRS by 2003, 486; A 2009, 1096; 2017, 104, 1295; 2019, 1229)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.364)

      NRS 484B.610  Speed limit in unincorporated town; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 and pursuant to the power granted in NRS 269.185, the town board or board of county commissioners may, by ordinance, limit the speed of motor vehicles in any unincorporated town in the county as may be deemed proper.

      2.  The Department of Transportation may establish the speed limits for motor vehicles on highways within the boundaries of any unincorporated town which are constructed and maintained under the authority granted by chapter 408 of NRS.

      3.  A person who violates any speed limit established pursuant to this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1979, 1804; 1985, 301; 2003, 3243)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.367)

      NRS 484B.610  Speed limit in unincorporated town; penalties. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 and pursuant to the power granted in NRS 269.185, the town board or board of county commissioners may, by ordinance, limit the speed of motor vehicles in any unincorporated town in the county as may be deemed proper.

      2.  The Department of Transportation may establish the speed limits for motor vehicles on highways within the boundaries of any unincorporated town which are constructed and maintained under the authority granted by chapter 408 of NRS.

      3.  A person who violates any speed limit established pursuant to this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130.

      4.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 5, a person who violates any speed limit established pursuant to this section for the particular portion of the highway being traversed shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $500.

      5.  A person who commits a violation of any provision of this section that causes physical injury to a person or damage to property shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $1,000.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1979, 1804; 1985, 301; 2003, 3243; 2021, 3335, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.367)

      NRS 484B.613  Speed limit: Establishment for vehicles on highways constructed and maintained by Department of Transportation; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  The Department of Transportation may establish the speed limits for motor vehicles on highways which are constructed and maintained by the Department of Transportation under the authority granted to it by chapter 408 of NRS.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided by federal law, the Department of Transportation may establish a speed limit on such highways not to exceed 80 miles per hour and may establish a lower speed limit:

      (a) Where necessary to protect public health and safety.

      (b) For trucks, overweight and oversized vehicles, trailers drawn by motor vehicles and buses.

      3.  A person who violates any speed limit established pursuant to this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2440; A 1997, 640; 2003, 3243; 2015, 309)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.368)

      NRS 484B.613  Speed limit: Establishment for vehicles on highways constructed and maintained by Department of Transportation; penalties. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  The Department of Transportation may establish the speed limits for motor vehicles on highways which are constructed and maintained by the Department of Transportation under the authority granted to it by chapter 408 of NRS.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided by federal law, the Department of Transportation may establish a speed limit on such highways not to exceed 80 miles per hour and may establish a lower speed limit:

      (a) Where necessary to protect public health and safety.

      (b) For trucks, overweight and oversized vehicles, trailers drawn by motor vehicles and buses.

      3.  A person who violates any speed limit established pursuant to this section may be subject to the additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130.

      4.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 5, a person who violates any speed limit established pursuant to this section for the particular portion of the highway being traversed shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $500.

      5.  A person who commits a violation of any provision of this section that causes physical injury to a person or damage to property shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $1,000.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2440; A 1997, 640; 2003, 3243; 2015, 309; 2021, 3335, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.368)

      NRS 484B.617  Certain violations of speed limit in rural areas: Fines; Department not to record violation on driver’s record; violation not deemed moving traffic violation. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, a person driving a motor vehicle during the hours of daylight at a speed in excess of the speed limit posted by a public authority for the portion of highway being traversed shall be punished by a fine of $25 if:

      (a) The posted speed limit is 60 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 70 miles per hour.

      (b) The posted speed limit is 65 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 75 miles per hour.

      (c) The posted speed limit is 70 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 75 miles per hour.

      (d) The posted speed limit is 75 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 80 miles per hour.

      (e) The posted speed limit is 80 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 85 miles per hour.

      2.  A violation of the speed limit under any of the circumstances set forth in subsection 1 must not be recorded by the Department on a driver’s record and shall not be deemed a moving traffic violation.

      3.  The provisions of this section do not apply to a violation specified in subsection 1 that occurs in a county whose population is 100,000 or more if the portion of highway being traversed is in:

      (a) An urban area; or

      (b) An area which is adjacent to an urban area and which has been designated by the public authority that established the posted speed limit for the portion of highway being traversed as an area that requires strict observance of the posted speed limit to protect public health and safety.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 2524; A 1999, 572, 1711; 2015, 309)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3685)

      NRS 484B.617  Certain violations of speed limit in rural areas: Penalties; violation not recorded on driver’s record and not deemed moving traffic violation. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3 and 4, a person driving a motor vehicle during the hours of daylight at a speed in excess of the speed limit posted by a public authority for the portion of highway being traversed shall be punished by a civil penalty of $25 if:

      (a) The posted speed limit is 60 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 70 miles per hour.

      (b) The posted speed limit is 65 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 75 miles per hour.

      (c) The posted speed limit is 70 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 75 miles per hour.

      (d) The posted speed limit is 75 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 80 miles per hour.

      (e) The posted speed limit is 80 miles per hour and the person is not exceeding a speed of 85 miles per hour.

      2.  A violation of the speed limit under any of the circumstances set forth in subsection 1 must not be recorded by the Department on a driver’s record and shall not be deemed a moving traffic violation.

      3.  A person who commits a violation of any provision of this section that causes physical injury to a person or damage to property shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $1,000.

      4.  The provisions of this section do not apply to a violation specified in subsection 1 that occurs in a county whose population is 100,000 or more if the portion of highway being traversed is in:

      (a) An urban area; or

      (b) An area which is adjacent to an urban area and which has been designated by the public authority that established the posted speed limit for the portion of highway being traversed as an area that requires strict observance of the posted speed limit to protect public health and safety.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 2524; A 1999, 572, 1711; 2015, 309; 2021, 3336, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3685)

      NRS 484B.620  Speed zones and signs. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  The Department of Transportation may prescribe speed zones, and install appropriate speed signs controlling vehicular traffic on the state highway system as established in chapter 408 of NRS through hazardous areas, after necessary studies have been made to determine the need therefor, and to eliminate speed zones and remove the signs therefrom whenever the need therefor ceases to exist.

      2.  After the establishment of a speed zone and the installation of appropriate signs to control speed, it is unlawful for any person to drive a motor vehicle upon the road and in the speed zone in excess of the speed therein authorized.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1487; A 1979, 1805; 1985, 641)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.369)

      NRS 484B.620  Establishment of speed zones and installation of signs; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  The Department of Transportation may prescribe speed zones, and install appropriate speed signs controlling vehicular traffic on the state highway system as established in chapter 408 of NRS through hazardous areas, after necessary studies have been made to determine the need therefor, and to eliminate speed zones and remove the signs therefrom whenever the need therefor ceases to exist.

      2.  After the establishment of a speed zone and the installation of appropriate signs to control speed, it is unlawful for any person to drive a motor vehicle upon the road and in the speed zone in excess of the speed therein authorized.

      3.  A person who violates subsection 2 shall be punished by a civil penalty of not more than $500.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1487; A 1979, 1805; 1985, 641; 2021, 3336, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.369)

      NRS 484B.621  Establishment of State Route 159 Safety Speed Zone; considerations when establishing maximum speed; adequate signage or other forms of notice required to be evaluated and installed to support maximum speed established.

      1.  The State Route 159 Safety Speed Zone is hereby established.

      2.  Within the State Route 159 Safety Speed Zone, the Department of Transportation, in cooperation with other governmental entities whose jurisdiction includes this area, shall ensure that:

      (a) The maximum speed that is allowed for vehicular traffic will be set by the Director of the Department of Transportation at a level which takes into consideration the safety and protection of the residents of and visitors to the Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area. In setting that maximum speed, the Director of the Department of Transportation shall consider, without limitation, the following factors:

             (1) Activity of bicycles and pedestrians in the area.

             (2) Protection of the natural environment.

             (3) History of crashes in the area.

             (4) Recreational activities conducted in the area.

             (5) The evaluation and use of measures of traffic calming which will support the maximum speed that is set.

             (6) The ability of law enforcement agencies to enforce effectively the maximum speed that is set.

      (b) Adequate signage or other forms of notice are evaluated and installed to support and enhance the maximum speed that is set by the Director of the Department of Transportation, as described in paragraph (a).

      3.  The State Route 159 Safety Speed Zone consists of:

      (a) Any portion of State Route 159 that is within the Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area;

      (b) Any portion of State Route 159 that abuts or is immediately adjacent to the Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area; and

      (c) Any portion of State Route 159 that has been designated as a Scenic Byway or State Scenic Byway.

      4.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Scenic Byway” and “State Scenic Byway” have the meanings ascribed to them in the National Scenic Byways Program, as issued by the Federal Highway Administration in 60 Federal Register 26,759 on May 18, 1995.

      (b) “Traffic calming” means a combination of measures and techniques intended to:

             (1) Reduce vehicular speeds;

             (2) Promote safe and pleasant conditions for motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians and residents;

             (3) Improve the environment and usability of roadways;

             (4) Improve real and perceived safety for nonmotorized traffic; or

             (5) Any combination of subparagraphs (1) to (4), inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 267; A 2015, 1637)

      NRS 484B.623  Slow driving; establishment of minimum speed limit.

      1.  A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at such a slow speed as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic except when reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.

      2.  Whenever a public authority determines on the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation that slow speeds on any part of a highway consistently impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, such authority may establish a minimum speed limit below which no person shall drive a vehicle except when necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.

      3.  Such speed limit shall be in effect after the erection of appropriate signs.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1487)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.371)

      NRS 484B.627  Duties of driver or operator driving or operating motor vehicle at speed so slow as to impede forward movement of traffic; prohibition against stopping vehicle on roadway so as to impede or block normal and reasonable movement of traffic; exception.

      1.  If any driver or operator of a motor vehicle drives or operates a motor vehicle at a speed so slow as to impede the forward movement of traffic proceeding immediately behind the driver or operator, the driver or operator shall:

      (a) If the highway has one lane for traveling in each direction and the width of the paved portion permits, drive to the extreme right side of the highway and, if applicable, comply with the provisions of NRS 484B.630;

      (b) If the highway has two or more clearly marked lanes for traffic traveling in the direction in which the driver or operator is traveling, drive in the extreme right-hand lane except when necessary to pass other slowly moving vehicles; or

      (c) If the highway is a controlled-access highway, use alternate routes whenever possible.

      2.  A person shall not bring a vehicle to a complete stop upon a roadway so as to impede or block the normal and reasonable movement of traffic unless the stop is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1487; A 1983, 822; 1985, 339; 1995, 2441; 2001, 1506; 2021, 2221)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.373)

      NRS 484B.630  Circumstances in which driver or operator of slow-moving vehicle has duty to turn off roadway; penalty. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  On a highway that has one lane for traveling in each direction, where passing is unsafe because of traffic traveling in the opposite direction or other conditions, the driver or operator of a slow-moving vehicle, behind which five or more vehicles are formed in a line, shall, to allow the vehicles following behind to proceed, turn off the roadway:

      (a) At the nearest place designated as a turnout by signs erected by the public authority having jurisdiction over the highway; or

      (b) In the absence of such a designated turnout, at the nearest place where:

             (1) Sufficient area for a safe turnout exists; and

             (2) The circumstances and conditions are such that the driver or operator is able to turn off the roadway in a safe manner.

      2.  A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      3.  As used in this section, “slow-moving vehicle” means a vehicle that is traveling at a rate of speed which is less than the posted speed limit for the highway or portion of the highway upon which the vehicle is traveling.

      (Added to NRS by 2001, 1506; A 2021, 2222)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.374)

      NRS 484B.630  Circumstances in which driver or operator of slow-moving vehicle has duty to turn off roadway; penalty. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  On a highway that has one lane for traveling in each direction, where passing is unsafe because of traffic traveling in the opposite direction or other conditions, the driver or operator of a slow-moving vehicle, behind which five or more vehicles are formed in a line, shall, to allow the vehicles following behind to proceed, turn off the roadway:

      (a) At the nearest place designated as a turnout by signs erected by the public authority having jurisdiction over the highway; or

      (b) In the absence of such a designated turnout, at the nearest place where:

             (1) Sufficient area for a safe turnout exists; and

             (2) The circumstances and conditions are such that the driver or operator is able to turn off the roadway in a safe manner.

      2.  A person who violates subsection 1 is guilty of a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive.

      3.  As used in this section, “slow-moving vehicle” means a vehicle that is traveling at a rate of speed which is less than the posted speed limit for the highway or portion of the highway upon which the vehicle is traveling.

      (Added to NRS by 2001, 1506; A 2021, 2222, 3337, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.374)

      NRS 484B.633  Special limitations on speed.

      1.  It is unlawful for any person to drive any vehicle equipped with solid rubber or cushion tires at a speed greater than 10 miles per hour.

      2.  It is unlawful for any person to drive a vehicle over any bridge or other elevated structure constituting a part of a highway at a speed which is greater than the maximum speed which can be maintained with safety to the bridge or structure, when such structure is signposted as provided in this section.

      3.  The Department of Transportation upon request from any local authority shall, or upon its own initiative may, conduct an investigation of any bridge or other elevated structure constituting a part of a highway constructed and maintained under the authority granted by chapter 408 of NRS, and if it thereupon finds that such structure cannot with safety to itself withstand vehicles traveling at the speed otherwise permissible under chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS, the Department shall determine and declare the maximum speed of vehicles which such structure can safely withstand, and shall cause or permit suitable signs stating such maximum speed to be erected and maintained at a distance of 100 feet before each end of such structure.

      4.  Upon the trial of any person charged with a violation of this section, proof of the determination of the maximum speed by the Department and the existence of such signs constitutes conclusive evidence of the maximum speed which can be maintained with safety to the bridge or structure.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1487; A 1979, 1805)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.375)

      NRS 484B.637  “Low-speed vehicle” defined; highways upon which low-speed vehicles may be operated; exception.

      1.  As used in this section, “low-speed vehicle” means a motor vehicle:

      (a) That is 4-wheeled;

      (b) The speed of which that is attainable in 1 mile is more than 20 miles per hour and not more than 25 miles per hour on a paved level surface;

      (c) The gross vehicle weight rating of which is less than 3,000 pounds; and

      (d) That complies with the standards for safety of such a vehicle set forth in Federal Motor Safety Standard No. 500 at 49 C.F.R. § 571.500, unless an exemption from one or more provisions of that Standard has been granted for the vehicle by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3:

      (a) If registered, a low-speed vehicle may be operated upon a highway where the posted speed limit is 35 miles per hour or less.

      (b) A person shall not operate a low-speed vehicle upon a highway where the posted speed limit is greater than 35 miles per hour, except to cross such a highway at an intersection.

      3.  If registered, a neighborhood occupantless vehicle may operate on a highway where the posted speed limit is greater than 35 miles per hour but not more than 45 miles per hour.

      4.  As used in this section, “neighborhood occupantless vehicle” means a low-speed vehicle that is not designed, intended or marketed for human occupancy.

      (Added to NRS by 1999, 2572; A 2011, 5; 2021, 2222)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.527)

AGGRESSIVE DRIVING; RECKLESS DRIVING; VEHICULAR MANSLAUGHTER

      NRS 484B.650  Acts constituting aggressive driving; penalties; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  A driver commits an offense of aggressive driving if, during any single, continuous period of driving within the course of 1 mile, the driver does all the following, in any sequence:

      (a) Commits one or more acts of speeding in violation of NRS 484B.363 or 484B.600.

      (b) Commits two or more of the following acts, in any combination, or commits any of the following acts more than once:

             (1) Failing to obey an official traffic-control device in violation of NRS 484B.300.

             (2) Overtaking and passing another vehicle upon the right by driving off the paved portion of the highway in violation of NRS 484B.210.

             (3) Improper or unsafe driving upon a highway that has marked lanes for traffic in violation of NRS 484B.223.

             (4) Following another vehicle too closely in violation of NRS 484B.127.

             (5) Failing to yield the right-of-way in violation of any provision of NRS 484B.250 to 484B.267, inclusive.

      (c) Creates an immediate hazard, regardless of its duration, to another vehicle or to another person, whether or not the other person is riding in or upon the vehicle of the driver or any other vehicle.

      2.  A driver may be prosecuted and convicted of an offense of aggressive driving in violation of subsection 1 whether or not the driver is prosecuted or convicted for committing any of the acts described in paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection 1.

      3.  A driver who commits an offense of aggressive driving in violation of subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor and:

      (a) For the first offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $250 but not more than $1,000; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (b) For the second offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $1,000 but not more than $1,500; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (c) For the third and each subsequent offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $1,500 but not more than $2,000; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      4.  In addition to any other penalty pursuant to subsection 3:

      (a) For the first offense within 2 years, the court shall order the driver to attend, at the driver’s own expense, a course of traffic safety approved by the Department and may issue an order suspending the driver’s license of the driver for a period of not more than 30 days.

      (b) For a second or subsequent offense within 2 years, the court shall issue an order revoking the driver’s license of the driver for a period of 1 year.

      5.  To determine whether the provisions of paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection 4 apply to one or more offenses of aggressive driving, the court shall use the date on which each offense of aggressive driving was committed.

      6.  If the driver is already the subject of any other order suspending or revoking his or her driver’s license, the court shall order the additional period of suspension or revocation, as appropriate, to apply consecutively with the previous order.

      7.  If the court issues an order suspending or revoking the driver’s license of the driver pursuant to this section, the court shall require the driver to surrender to the court all driver’s licenses then held by the driver. The court shall, within 5 days after issuing the order, forward the driver’s licenses and a copy of the order to the Department.

      8.  If the driver successfully completes a course of traffic safety ordered pursuant to this section, the Department shall cancel three demerit points from his or her driving record in accordance with NRS 483.448 or 483.475, as appropriate, unless the driver would not otherwise be entitled to have those demerit points cancelled pursuant to the provisions of that section.

      9.  This section does not preclude the suspension or revocation of the driver’s license of the driver, or the suspension of the future driving privileges of a person, pursuant to any other provision of law.

      10.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1999, 1385; A 2003, 1243, 3243; 2007, 2729; 2015, 1576)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3765)

      NRS 484B.650  Acts constituting aggressive driving; penalties; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  A driver commits an offense of aggressive driving if, during any single, continuous period of driving within the course of 1 mile, the driver does all the following, in any sequence:

      (a) Commits one or more acts of speeding in violation of NRS 484B.363 or 484B.600.

      (b) Commits two or more of the following acts, in any combination, or commits any of the following acts more than once:

             (1) Failing to obey an official traffic-control device in violation of NRS 484B.300.

             (2) Overtaking and passing another vehicle upon the right by driving off the paved portion of the highway in violation of NRS 484B.210.

             (3) Improper or unsafe driving upon a highway that has marked lanes for traffic in violation of NRS 484B.223.

             (4) Following another vehicle too closely in violation of NRS 484B.127.

             (5) Failing to yield the right-of-way in violation of any provision of NRS 484B.250 to 484B.267, inclusive.

      (c) Creates an immediate hazard, regardless of its duration, to another vehicle or to another person, whether or not the other person is riding in or upon the vehicle of the driver or any other vehicle.

      2.  A driver may be prosecuted and convicted of an offense of aggressive driving in violation of subsection 1 whether or not the driver is issued a civil infraction citation pursuant to NRS 484A.7035 for committing, or is found to have committed, any of the acts described in paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection 1 that are punishable as a civil infraction.

      3.  A driver who commits an offense of aggressive driving in violation of subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor and:

      (a) For the first offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $250 but not more than $1,000; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (b) For the second offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $1,000 but not more than $1,500; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (c) For the third and each subsequent offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $1,500 but not more than $2,000; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      4.  In addition to any other penalty pursuant to subsection 3:

      (a) For the first offense within 2 years, the court shall order the driver to attend, at the driver’s own expense, a course of traffic safety approved by the Department and may issue an order suspending the driver’s license of the driver for a period of not more than 30 days.

      (b) For a second or subsequent offense within 2 years, the court shall issue an order revoking the driver’s license of the driver for a period of 1 year.

      5.  To determine whether the provisions of paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection 4 apply to one or more offenses of aggressive driving, the court shall use the date on which each offense of aggressive driving was committed.

      6.  If the driver is already the subject of any other order suspending or revoking his or her driver’s license, the court shall order the additional period of suspension or revocation, as appropriate, to apply consecutively with the previous order.

      7.  If the court issues an order suspending or revoking the driver’s license of the driver pursuant to this section, the court shall require the driver to surrender to the court all driver’s licenses then held by the driver. The court shall, within 5 days after issuing the order, forward the driver’s licenses and a copy of the order to the Department.

      8.  If the driver successfully completes a course of traffic safety ordered pursuant to this section, the Department shall cancel three demerit points from his or her driving record in accordance with NRS 483.448 or 483.475, as appropriate, unless the driver would not otherwise be entitled to have those demerit points cancelled pursuant to the provisions of that section.

      9.  This section does not preclude the suspension or revocation of the driver’s license of the driver, or the suspension of the future driving privileges of a person, pursuant to any other provision of law.

      10.  A person who violates any provision of subsection 1 may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      (Added to NRS by 1999, 1385; A 2003, 1243, 3243; 2007, 2729; 2015, 1576; 2021, 3337, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3765)

      NRS 484B.653  Reckless driving, organization of unauthorized speed contests and driving in or facilitating unauthorized trick driving displays prohibited; penalties; court to suspend driver’s license of certain offenders; additional penalties for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone or if driver is proximate cause of collision with pedestrian or person riding bicycle; court may order impounding vehicle of certain offenders.

      1.  It is unlawful for a person to:

      (a) Drive a vehicle in willful or wanton disregard of the safety of persons or property on a highway or premises to which the public has access.

      (b) Drive a vehicle in an unauthorized speed contest on a highway or premises to which the public has access.

      (c) Organize an unauthorized speed contest on a highway or premises to which the public has access.

      (d) Drive a vehicle in an unauthorized trick driving display on a public highway.

      (e) Facilitate an unauthorized trick driving display on a public highway.

Ê A violation of paragraph (a), (b) or (d) of this subsection or subsection 1 of NRS 484B.550 constitutes reckless driving.

      2.  If, while violating the provisions of subsections 1 to 5, inclusive, of NRS 484B.270, NRS 484B.280, paragraph (a) or (c) of subsection 1 of NRS 484B.283, NRS 484B.350, subsections 1 to 4, inclusive, of NRS 484B.363 or subsection 1 of NRS 484B.600, the driver of a motor vehicle on a highway or premises to which the public has access is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian or a person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter, the violation constitutes reckless driving.

      3.  A person who violates paragraph (a) of subsection 1 is guilty of a misdemeanor and:

      (a) For the first offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $250 but not more than $1,000; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (b) For the second offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $1,000 but not more than $1,500; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (c) For the third and each subsequent offense, shall be punished:

             (1) By a fine of not less than $1,500 but not more than $2,000; or

             (2) By both fine and imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      4.  A person who violates paragraph (b) or (c) of subsection 1 or commits a violation which constitutes reckless driving pursuant to subsection 2 is guilty of a misdemeanor and:

      (a) For the first offense:

             (1) Shall be punished by a fine of not less than $250 but not more than $1,000;

             (2) Shall perform not less than 50 hours, but not more than 99 hours, of community service; and

             (3) May be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (b) For the second offense:

             (1) Shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1,000 but not more than $1,500;

             (2) Shall perform not less than 100 hours, but not more than 199 hours, of community service; and

             (3) May be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (c) For the third and each subsequent offense:

             (1) Shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1,500 but not more than $2,000;

             (2) Shall perform 200 hours of community service; and

             (3) May be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      5.  In addition to any fine, community service and imprisonment imposed upon a person pursuant to subsection 4, the court:

      (a) Shall issue an order suspending the driver’s license of the person for a period of not less than 6 months but not more than 2 years and requiring the person to surrender all driver’s licenses then held by the person;

      (b) Within 5 days after issuing an order pursuant to paragraph (a), shall forward to the Department any licenses, together with a copy of the order;

      (c) For the first offense, may issue an order impounding, for a period of 15 days, any vehicle that is registered to the person who violates paragraph (b) or (c) of subsection 1 if the vehicle is used in the commission of the offense; and

      (d) For the second and each subsequent offense, shall issue an order impounding, for a period of 30 days, any vehicle that is registered to the person who violates paragraph (b) or (c) of subsection 1 if the vehicle is used in the commission of the offense.

      6.  A person who violates paragraph (d) of subsection 1 is guilty of a gross misdemeanor and:

      (a) For the first offense:

             (1) Shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1,000 but not more than $1,500;

             (2) Shall perform not less than 100 hours, but not more than 199 hours, of community service; and

             (3) May be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 364 days.

      (b) For the second offense and each subsequent offense:

             (1) Shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1,500 but not more than $2,000;

             (2) Shall perform 200 hours of community service; and

             (3) May be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 364 days.

      7.  A person who violates paragraph (e) of subsection 1 is guilty of:

      (a) For the first offense, a misdemeanor and:

             (1) Shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000;

             (2) Shall perform not less than 50 hours, but not more than 99 hours, of community service; and

             (3) May be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 6 months.

      (b) For the second offense and each subsequent offense, a gross misdemeanor and:

             (1) Shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1,000 and not more than $1,500;

             (2) Shall perform not less than 100 hours, but not more than 199 hours, of community service; and

             (3) May be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 364 days.

      8.  In addition to any fine, community service and imprisonment imposed upon a person pursuant to subsection 6 or 7, the court:

      (a) May issue an order suspending the driver’s license of the person for a period of not less than 6 months but not more than 2 years and requiring the person to surrender all driver’s licenses then held by the person;

      (b) Within 5 days after issuing an order pursuant to paragraph (a), shall forward to the Department any licenses, together with a copy of the order; and

      (c) May issue an order impounding, for a period of 30 days, any vehicle that is registered to the person if the vehicle is used in the commission of the offense.

      9.  Unless a greater penalty is provided pursuant to subsection 4 of NRS 484B.550, a person who does any act or neglects any duty imposed by law while driving or in actual physical control of any vehicle on a highway or premises to which the public has access in willful or wanton disregard of the safety of persons or property, if the act or neglect of duty proximately causes the death of or substantial bodily harm to another person, is guilty of a category B felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 1 year and a maximum term of not more than 6 years and by a fine of not less than $2,000 but not more than $5,000.

      10.  A person who violates any provision of this section may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135 unless the person is subject to the penalty provided pursuant to subsection 4 of NRS 484B.550.

      11.  As used in this section:

      (a) “Facilitate” means to plan, schedule or promote, or assist in the planning, scheduling or promotion of, an unauthorized trick driving display or in any other way participate in an unauthorized trick driving display, including, without limitation:

             (1) Using a vehicle to divert, slow, impede or otherwise block traffic with the intent to enable or assist an unauthorized trick driving display; or

             (2) Filming or otherwise recording an unauthorized trick driving display with the intent to promote an unauthorized trick driving display.

      (b) “Organize” means to plan, schedule or promote, or assist in the planning, scheduling or promotion of, an unauthorized speed contest on a public highway, regardless of whether a fee is charged for attending the unauthorized speed contest.

      (c) “Trick driving display” means using a vehicle to perform tricks, stunts or other maneuvers on a public highway upon which traffic has been diverted, slowed, impeded or blocked to enable the performing of such tricks, stunts or maneuvers or having such tricks, stunts or maneuvers filmed or otherwise recorded.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1486; A 1981, 866; 1983, 1015; 1993, 524; 1995, 1298; 2003, 487, 3244; 2007, 2039; 2011, 1637; 2015, 1578; 2019, 684, 1893, 2654)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.377)

      NRS 484B.657  Vehicular manslaughter; penalty; additional penalty for violation committed in work zone or pedestrian safety zone.

      1.  A person who, while driving or in actual physical control of any vehicle on a highway or premises to which the public has access, proximately causes the death of another person through an act or omission that constitutes simple negligence is guilty of vehicular manslaughter and shall be punished for a misdemeanor.

      2.  A person who commits an offense of vehicular manslaughter may be subject to any additional penalty set forth in NRS 484B.130 or 484B.135.

      3.  Upon the conviction of a person for a violation of the provisions of subsection 1, the court shall notify the Department of the conviction.

      4.  Upon receipt of notification from a court pursuant to subsection 3, the Department shall cause an entry of the conviction to be made upon the driving record of the person so convicted.

      (Added to NRS by 2005, 78; A 2015, 1579; 2019, 2656)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.3775)

EMERGENCY VEHICLES AND PROCESSIONS

      NRS 484B.700  Privileges granted to driver of authorized emergency vehicle, official vehicle of regulatory agency or vehicle escorting funeral procession; application of privileges; limitation of privileges.

      1.  The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency, when responding to an emergency call or when in pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law or when responding to but not upon returning from a fire alarm, or a vehicle escorting a funeral procession, may:

      (a) Proceed past a red or stop signal or stop sign, but only after slowing down as may be necessary for safe operation.

      (b) Exceed any speed limits so long as the driver does not endanger life or property, except that a vehicle escorting a funeral procession may not exceed the speed limit by more than 15 miles per hour to overtake the procession and direct traffic at the next intersection.

      (c) Disregard regulations governing direction of movement or turning in specified directions. The driver of a vehicle escorting a funeral procession may direct the movements of the vehicles in the procession in a similar manner and may direct the movements of other vehicles.

      2.  The privileges granted in subsection 1 apply only when the vehicle is making use of:

      (a) Audible and visual signals; or

      (b) Visual signals only,

Ê as required by law.

      3.  The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle or an official vehicle of a regulatory agency may park or stand without regard to the provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS, if the driver makes use of a warning lamp.

      4.  The provisions of this section do not relieve the driver from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons and do not protect the driver from the consequences of the driver’s reckless disregard for the safety of others.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 25, 944, 1040; 2001, 740)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.261)

      NRS 484B.703  Driving through funeral or other procession.

      1.  The operator of a motor vehicle shall not drive between the vehicles, persons or animals comprising a funeral or other authorized procession when those vehicles are properly identified by pennants or other authorized insignia and while the funeral or procession is in motion, except when otherwise directed by a police officer or by the driver of a vehicle escorting the funeral procession.

      2.  This section does not apply to authorized emergency vehicles.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 944)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.467)

      NRS 484B.707  Driving in procession.

      1.  All vehicles, persons or animals comprising a funeral or other procession shall follow the preceding vehicles, persons or animals in the procession as closely as is practicable and safe.

      2.  Each vehicle in a funeral procession must have its headlamps lighted.

      3.  The driver of a vehicle escorting a funeral procession may display flashing amber warning lights if the appropriate permit has been issued pursuant to NRS 484D.185.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 945)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.469)

      NRS 484B.710  Following fire apparatus prohibited.  The driver of any motor vehicle other than an authorized emergency vehicle on official business shall not follow any fire apparatus traveling in response to a fire alarm closer than 500 feet or driving to or park such vehicle within 500 feet of fire apparatus which stopped in answer to a fire alarm.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1507)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.461)

ACTIONS AND DEVICES RELATED TO SAFETY

      NRS 484B.740  Fusee: Limitation on color.  No fusee which produces other than red light shall be placed on the highway to warn of any stalled vehicle or other hazard to traffic.

      (Added to NRS by 1963, 1268)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.491)

      NRS 484B.743  Reflective material required for person directing or controlling traffic near school.  All flags, belts, apparel and devices issued to a pupil or any other person who is controlling or directing traffic near a school, when used during periods of darkness, must be made at least in part with reflective materials which are visible from 300 feet to approaching motorists using lawful lower beams of headlamps.

      (Added to NRS by 1985, 640)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.496)

      NRS 484B.747  Operator of tow car to place warning signs when rendering assistance to disabled vehicle on certain roadways.  The operator of a tow car used for the purpose of rendering assistance to other vehicles shall, when the rendering of assistance necessitates the obstruction of any portion of the roadway outside a business or residence district, place a highway warning sign 100 feet in advance of and 100 feet to the rear of the disabled vehicle.

      (Added to NRS by 1963, 1268)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.497)

      NRS 484B.748  Use of flashing amber warning lights or nonflashing blue lights on tow car at scene of traffic hazard; compliance with standards approved by Department.

      1.  A tow car which is equipped with flashing amber warning lights pursuant to NRS 484D.185 may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides or rear of the tow car when at the scene of a traffic hazard.

      2.  A tow car which is equipped with lamps that emit nonflashing blue light pursuant to NRS 484D.475 may display nonflashing blue light to the rear of the tow car when at the scene of a traffic hazard.

      3.  Any flashing amber warning light or lamps that emit nonflashing blue light used pursuant to this section must comply with the standards approved by the Department.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 1095; A 2019, 1230)

      NRS 484B.750  Placement of red flares, red lanterns, warning lights or reflectors by tow car operator near warning signs when rendering assistance to disabled vehicle on highway in certain circumstances.  Where a motor vehicle is disabled on the highway, the tow car operator shall immediately upon arrival place warning signs upon the highway as prescribed in NRS 484B.747 and:

      1.  During darkness, shall, if it is safe to do so, place not less than one red flare, red lantern, warning light or reflector in close proximity to each warning sign.

      2.  During daylight, may place a red flare, red lantern, warning light or reflector in close proximity to each warning sign.

      (Added to NRS by 1963, 1268; A 2009, 1096)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.499)

      NRS 484B.753  When operator of tow car authorized to tow vehicle with person inside. [Effective until the date on which the Secretary of the United States Department of Transportation, or his or her authorized representative, rescinds that portion of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208 (49 C.F.R. § 571.208) which requires the installation of automatic restraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, unless the Secretary’s decision to rescind is not based on the enactment or continued operation of section 1 of chapter 29, Statutes of Nevada 2009.]  When rendering assistance to a person with restricted mobility or to a person who is in a hazardous situation, an operator of a tow car may tow a vehicle with the person inside the vehicle to the nearest location that is safe if the person is properly restrained and, if applicable, wearing a safety belt as required pursuant to NRS 484D.495.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 56)

      NRS 484B.753  When operator of tow car authorized to tow vehicle with person inside. [Effective on the date on which the Secretary of the United States Department of Transportation, or his or her authorized representative, rescinds that portion of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208 (49 C.F.R. § 571.208) which requires the installation of automatic restraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, unless the Secretary’s decision to rescind is not based on the enactment or continued operation of section 1 of chapter 29, Statutes of Nevada 2009.]  When rendering assistance to a person with restricted mobility or to a person who is in a hazardous situation, an operator of a tow car may tow a vehicle with the person inside the vehicle to the nearest location that is safe if the person is properly restrained.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 56; A 2009, 56, effective on the date on which the Secretary of the United States Department of Transportation, or his or her authorized representative, rescinds that portion of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208 (49 C.F.R. § 571.208) which requires the installation of automatic restraints in new private passenger motor vehicles, unless the Secretary’s decision to rescind is not based on the enactment or continued operation of section 1 of chapter 29, Statutes of Nevada 2009)

      NRS 484B.757  Use of flashing amber warning lights by private patrol officer.  A vehicle which is operated by a private patrol officer licensed pursuant to chapter 648 of NRS or his or her employee and which is equipped with flashing amber warning lights pursuant to NRS 484D.185 may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides or rear of the vehicle when:

      1.  The private patrol officer or his or her employee who operates the vehicle is engaged in the business for which the private patrol officer is licensed; and

      2.  The vehicle is:

      (a) On private property which the private patrol officer is authorized to protect;

      (b) On a public road and stopped adjacent to private property which the private patrol officer is authorized to protect; or

      (c) On a public road and moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 1096)

OPERATION OF BICYCLES, ELECTRIC BICYCLES, ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND MOBILE CARRYING DEVICES

      NRS 484B.760  Penalty for violation of provisions; responsibility of parent of child or guardian of ward; applicability of provisions to bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]

      1.  It is a misdemeanor for any person to do any act forbidden or fail to perform any act required in NRS 484B.768 to 484B.790, inclusive.

      2.  The parent of any child and the guardian of any ward shall not authorize or knowingly permit the child or ward to violate any of the provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS.

      3.  The provisions applicable to bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters apply whenever a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter is operated upon any highway or upon any path set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters subject to those exceptions stated herein.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 505; A 2009, 113, 399; 2019, 1895)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.501)

      NRS 484B.760  Penalty for violation of provisions; responsibility of parent of child or guardian of ward; applicability of provisions to bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters. [Effective January 1, 2023.]

      1.  It is a civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, for any person to do any act forbidden or fail to perform any act required in NRS 484B.768 to 484B.790, inclusive.

      2.  The parent of any child and the guardian of any ward shall not authorize or knowingly permit the child or ward to violate any of the provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS.

      3.  The provisions applicable to bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters apply whenever a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter is operated upon any highway or upon any path set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters subject to those exceptions stated herein.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 505; A 2009, 113, 399; 2019, 1895; 2021, 3338, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.501)

      NRS 484B.763  Application of traffic laws to person riding bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.  Every person riding a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter upon a roadway has all of the rights and is subject to all of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle except as otherwise provided in NRS 484B.767 to 484B.790, inclusive, and except as to those provisions of chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS which by their nature can have no application.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504; A 1997, 1728; 2009, 113, 399; 2019, 1895)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.503)

      NRS 484B.767  Certain persons operating bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter while on duty not required to comply with laws in certain circumstances.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in this section, a peace officer, a firefighter, an emergency medical technician, an advanced emergency medical technician or a paramedic certified pursuant to chapter 450B of NRS or an employee of a pedestrian mall, who operates a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter while on duty, is not required to comply with any provision of NRS or any ordinance of a local government relating to the operation of a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter while on duty if he or she:

      (a) Is responding to an emergency call or the peace officer is in pursuit of a suspected violator of the law; or

      (b) Determines that noncompliance with any such provision is necessary to carry out his or her duties.

      2.  The provisions of this section do not:

      (a) Relieve a peace officer, firefighter, emergency medical technician, advanced emergency medical technician, paramedic or employee of a pedestrian mall from the duty to operate a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter with due regard for the safety of others.

      (b) Protect such a person from the consequences of the person’s disregard for the safety of others.

      3.  As used in this section, “pedestrian mall” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 268.811.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 1728; A 2005, 315; 2009, 399; 2013, 963; 2019, 1895)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.504)

      NRS 484B.768  Required action of operator of bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter when turning from direct course; when signal not required.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, an operator of a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter upon a roadway shall not turn from a direct course unless the movement may be made with reasonable safety and the operator gives an appropriate signal. The operator shall give the appropriate signal at least one time but is not required to give the signal continuously.

      2.  An operator of a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter is not required to give a signal if:

      (a) The bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter is in a designated turn lane; or

      (b) Safe operation of the bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter requires the operator to keep both hands on the bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 112; A 2019, 1895)

      NRS 484B.769  Signals required to be given by operator of bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter on roadway.  An operator of a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter upon a roadway shall give all signals by hand and arm in the manner required by NRS 484B.420, except that the operator may give a signal for a right turn by extending his or her right hand and arm horizontally and to the right side of the bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

      (Added to NRS by 2009, 113; A 2019, 1896)

      NRS 484B.770  Person riding bicycle or electric bicycle must be on or astride seat; limitation on number of persons carried on bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.

      1.  A person propelling a bicycle or an electric bicycle shall not ride other than upon or astride a permanent and regular seat attached thereto.

      2.  No bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter shall be used to carry more persons at one time than the number for which it is designed and equipped.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504; A 2009, 399; 2019, 1896)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.505)

      NRS 484B.773  Attaching to vehicle upon roadway prohibited.  No person riding upon any bicycle, electric bicycle, electric scooter, coaster, roller skates, sled or toy vehicle shall attach the same or himself or herself to any vehicle upon a roadway.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504; A 2009, 399; 2019, 1896)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.507)

      NRS 484B.777  Operating bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter on roadway.

      1.  Every person operating a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter upon a roadway shall, except:

      (a) When traveling at a lawful rate of speed commensurate with the speed of any nearby traffic;

      (b) When preparing to turn left; or

      (c) When doing so would not be safe,

Ê ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction.

      2.  For purposes of paragraph (c) of subsection 1, the conditions under which it is not safe to operate a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable include, without limitation:

      (a) When fixed or moving objects, parked or moving vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, animals or surface hazards impede access to the right side of the roadway.

      (b) When a lane is too narrow for a bicycle and a vehicle to travel safely side by side within the lane.

      3.  Persons riding bicycles, electric bicycles or electric scooters upon a roadway shall not ride more than two abreast except on paths or parts of roadways set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504; A 1991, 2229; 2009, 400; 2019, 1896; 2021, 1049)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.509)

      NRS 484B.780  Carrying articles on bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter.  No person operating a bicycle, an electric bicycle or an electric scooter shall carry any package, bundle or article which prevents the driver from keeping at least one hand upon the handle bars.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 505; A 2009, 400; 2019, 1896)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.511)

      NRS 484B.783  Lamps, reflectors and brakes required on bicycles, electric bicycles and electric scooters.

      1.  Every bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter when in use at night must be equipped with:

      (a) A lamp on the front which emits a white light visible from a distance of at least 500 feet to the front;

      (b) A red reflector on the rear of a type approved by the Department which must be visible from 50 feet to 300 feet to the rear when directly in front of lawful lower beams of headlamps on a motor vehicle; and

      (c) Reflective material of a sufficient size and reflectivity to be visible from both sides of the bicycle for 600 feet when directly in front of the lawful lower beams of the headlamps of a motor vehicle, or in lieu of such material, a lighted lamp visible from both sides from a distance of at least 500 feet.

      2.  Every bicycle, electric bicycle or electric scooter must be equipped with a brake which will enable the operator to make the wheels skid on dry, level, clean pavement.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 505; A 1961, 136; 1975, 30; 1985, 1464, 1952; 1991, 2229; 2009, 400; 2019, 1896)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.513)

      NRS 484B.784  Electric bicycle to be labeled by manufacturer or distributor; contents of label; equipment, manufacturing and operational requirements of electric bicycles; certain modifications of electric bicycle prohibited unless label is updated.

      1.  On and after January 1, 2022, a manufacturer or distributor of electric bicycles in this State shall apply a label that is permanently affixed, in a prominent location, to each electric bicycle that it manufactures or distributes, as applicable. The label must:

      (a) Contain the classification number, maximum assisted speed and wattage of motor of the electric bicycle; and

      (b) Be printed in Arial font in at least 9-point type.

      2.  A new electric bicycle sold in this State on or after October 1, 2021, must comply with the equipment and manufacturing requirements adopted by the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission pursuant to 16 C.F.R. Part 1512.

      3.  An electric bicycle operated in this State must be equipped in such a manner that the electric motor is disengaged or ceases to function when:

      (a) The rider stops pedaling; or

      (b) The brakes are applied.

      4.  A person shall not tamper with or modify an electric bicycle in such a manner as to change the speed capability of the motor or the engagement of an electric bicycle unless the label indicating the classification required by subsection 1 is replaced after modification.

      5.  A class 3 electric bicycle must be equipped with a speedometer that displays the speed the electric bicycle is traveling in miles per hour.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1743)

      NRS 484B.785  Operation of electric scooter: Limitations on place and speed; applicability of laws; rights and duties of operator.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in an ordinance enacted pursuant to NRS 484A.469, an electric scooter may be operated:

      (a) On a roadway, bicycle lane, path or route at a speed of not more than 15 miles per hour; and

      (b) On a sidewalk and other pedestrian areas at a speed that does not exceed the limit set in an ordinance enacted pursuant to NRS 484A.469, if any.

      2.  Except as otherwise provided in a specific statute or an ordinance enacted pursuant to NRS 484A.469:

      (a) An electric scooter is subject to all the provisions of law applicable to bicycles and electric bicycles except those provisions which by their nature can have no application; and

      (b) A person operating an electric scooter has the same rights and duties as a person operating a bicycle or an electric bicycle, except for those rights and duties which by their nature can have no application.

      (Added to NRS by 2019, 1885)

      NRS 484B.790  Mobile carrying device: Operation on sidewalks and crosswalks; limitations; duties of operator; device has rights and duties of pedestrian; penalties.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in NRS 244.3565 or 268.41015, a mobile carrying device may be operated on a sidewalk or crosswalk provided that:

      (a) The operator of the mobile carrying device is actively monitoring the navigation and movement of the mobile carrying device;

      (b) The mobile carrying device is equipped with a braking device that enables the mobile carrying device to come to a controlled stop; and

      (c) The mobile carrying device is operated in accordance with any requirements imposed by this section.

      2.  The operator of a mobile carrying device may not allow a mobile carrying device to:

      (a) Operate on the highways of this State except when crossing within a crosswalk;

      (b) Fail to comply with any traffic-control signal or devices that a pedestrian is obligated to comply with;

      (c) Unreasonably interfere with pedestrians or vehicle traffic;

      (d) Transport hazardous material as that term is defined in NRS 459.7024; or

      (e) Transport a person.

      3.  A mobile carrying device has all the rights and duties of a pedestrian except those which by their nature can have no application, except that the operator of a mobile carrying device must ensure that the mobile carrying device yields the right of way to a pedestrian on a sidewalk or in a crosswalk.

      4.  A violation of this section:

      (a) Is not a misdemeanor;

      (b) Shall not be deemed a moving traffic violation; and

      (c) Is punishable by the imposition of a civil penalty of $250.

      (Added to NRS by 2019, 3099)

INFORMATION CONCERNING TRAFFIC STOPS

      NRS 484B.800  Definitions.  As used in NRS 484B.800 to 484B.847, inclusive, unless the context otherwise requires, the words and terms defined in NRS 484B.803 to 484B.827, inclusive, have the meanings ascribed to them in those sections.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.803  “Department” defined.  “Department” means the Department of Public Safety.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.807  “Disability” defined.  “Disability” means, with respect to a person:

      1.  A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of the person;

      2.  A record of such an impairment; or

      3.  Being regarded as having such an impairment.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.810  “Gender identity or expression” defined.  “Gender identity or expression” means a gender-related identity, appearance, expression or behavior of a person, regardless of the person’s assigned sex at birth.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.813  “Law enforcement agency” defined.  “Law enforcement agency” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 289.010.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.817  “Law enforcement officer” defined.  “Law enforcement officer” means any person upon whom some or all of the powers of a peace officer are conferred pursuant to NRS 289.150 to 289.360, inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.820  “Profiling” defined.  “Profiling” means the targeting of a person by a law enforcement agency or a law enforcement officer, on suspicion of the person having violated a provision of law, based solely on the person’s real or perceived age, race, ethnicity, color, national origin, language, sex, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, political affiliation, religion, homelessness or disability, unless the law enforcement agency or law enforcement officer is acting on a suspect description or information related to an identified or suspected violation of a provision of law.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.823  “Sexual orientation” defined.  “Sexual orientation” means having or being perceived as having an orientation for heterosexuality, homosexuality or bisexuality.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.827  “Traffic stop” defined.  “Traffic stop” means any occasion when the driver of a motor vehicle is halted by a law enforcement officer for an alleged traffic violation or infraction.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1965)

      NRS 484B.830  Standardized method to record in electronic traffic citation system: Development and implementation; information to be recorded; training and procedures; report; purpose.

      1.  Not later than January 1, 2022, the Department shall develop and implement a standardized method to be used by law enforcement officers to record information concerning traffic stops in an electronic traffic citation system. The standardized method must require the electronic traffic citation system to provide for the following information to be recorded for each stop:

      (a) The date and time of the stop;

      (b) The location of the stop;

      (c) The race, ethnicity, age and sex of the person stopped, based on the observations of the law enforcement officer responsible for reporting the stop;

      (d) The nature of, and the statutory citation for, the alleged violation that caused the stop to be made; and

      (e) The disposition of the stop, including, without limitation, whether:

             (1) A warning, citation or summons was issued;

             (2) A search was conducted and, if so:

                   (I) The type of search conducted; and

                   (II) Whether anything was found as a result of the search; and

             (3) An arrest was made.

      2.  Not later than January 1, 2022, the Department, in consultation with law enforcement agencies, shall develop and implement training and procedures to facilitate the collection of information concerning traffic stops for which citations are issued through an electronic traffic citation system pursuant to subsection 1.

      3.  During the period beginning on January 1, 2022, and ending on December 31, 2025, each law enforcement officer that makes a traffic stop for which a citation is issued through an electronic traffic citation system shall record for each stop the information set forth in paragraphs (a) to (e), inclusive, of subsection 1, and each law enforcement agency shall retain such information.

      4.  Each law enforcement agency that engages in traffic stops for which citations are issued through an electronic traffic citation system shall report to the Department the information recorded for the previous calendar year pursuant to subsection 3 not later than February 1, 2023, and at least annually thereafter until February 1, 2026.

      5.  Information acquired pursuant to this section must be used by the Department only for statistical purposes and not for any other purpose. Any identifying information of a law enforcement officer who performed a traffic stop or a person who was stopped that is collected or held by the Department is confidential.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1966)

      NRS 484B.833  Standardized method to record for traffic stops for which written citations or warnings issued: Development and implementation; information to be recorded; training and procedures; forms; report; purpose.

      1.  Not later than January 1, 2024, the Department shall develop and implement a standardized method to be used by law enforcement officers to record information concerning traffic stops for which written citations or warnings are issued. The standardized method must require the information set forth in paragraphs (a) to (e), inclusive, of subsection 1 of NRS 484B.830 to be recorded for each stop.

      2.  Not later than January 1, 2024, the Department, in consultation with law enforcement agencies, shall:

      (a) Develop and implement training and procedures to facilitate the collection of information set forth in paragraphs (a) to (e), inclusive, of subsection 1 of NRS 484B.830 concerning traffic stops for which written citations or warnings are issued; and

      (b) Update written forms for traffic citations to accommodate the collection of information set forth in paragraphs (a) to (e), inclusive, of subsection 1 of NRS 484B.830.

      3.  During the period beginning on January 1, 2024, and ending on December 31, 2025, each law enforcement officer that makes a traffic stop for which a written citation or warning is issued shall record for each stop the information set forth in paragraphs (a) to (e), inclusive, of subsection 1 of NRS 484B.830, and each law enforcement agency shall retain such information.

      4.  Each law enforcement agency that engages in traffic stops for which written citations or warnings are issued shall report to the Department the information recorded for the previous calendar year pursuant to subsection 3 not later than February 1, 2025, for the 2024 calendar year and not later than February 1, 2026, for the 2025 calendar year.

      5.  Information acquired pursuant to this section must be used by the Department only for statistical purposes and not for any other purpose. Any identifying information of a law enforcement officer who performed a traffic stop or a person who was stopped that is collected or held by the Department is confidential.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1966)

      NRS 484B.837  Department may contract with third party to review information and conduct statistical analysis; report on results of analysis; Department shall seek gifts, grants and donations to enable contract with third party.

      1.  To the extent that money is available, the Department may contract with a third party to review all public information, including, without limitation, the prevalence and disposition of traffic stops reported by law enforcement agencies pursuant to NRS 484B.830 and 484B.833, and conduct a statistical analysis of the data for the purpose of identifying patterns or practices of profiling.

      2.  If a third party with whom the Department contracts pursuant to subsection 1 conducts a statistical analysis, the third party must, not later than December 31 of the year in which the statistical analysis is conducted, report the results of the analysis to the Governor, the Department, the Chair of the Senate Standing Committee on Judiciary and the Chair of the Assembly Standing Committee on Judiciary.

      3.  The Department shall seek any available gifts, grants or donations to assist in enabling the Department to contract with a third party pursuant to subsection 1.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1967)

      NRS 484B.840  Department: Review of reports from third party contractor; provision of advice and assistance to law enforcement agencies; presentation to Peace Officers’ Standards and Training Commission.

      1.  The Department shall review any reports provided to the Department by the third party with whom the Department contracts pursuant to subsection 1 of NRS 484B.837.

      2.  After reviewing a report, the Department may provide advice or technical assistance to any law enforcement agency mentioned in the report. Any advice or technical assistance provided must be based on best practices in policing as determined by the Peace Officers’ Standards and Training Commission.

      3.  Upon providing advice or technical assistance to a law enforcement agency pursuant to subsection 2, the Department shall, within a reasonable period, present to the Peace Officers’ Standards and Training Commission a summary of the advice or technical assistance given. The presentation must be open to the public, feature live testimony by presenters and be held in accordance with chapter 241 of NRS.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1967)

      NRS 484B.843  Department: Duty to record information in a central repository and make recorded data available to public. [Effective October 1, 2021, if the Department of Public Safety is able to perform its duties under this section using existing resources, or on the date on which federal funding is obtained to carry out the provisions of NRS 484B.800 to 484B.847, inclusive, if the Department of Public Safety is not able to perform its duties under this section using existing resources.]  The Department shall:

      1.  Record information reported to the Department pursuant to subsection 4 of NRS 484B.830 and subsection 4 of NRS 484B.833, other than any identifying information of a law enforcement officer who performed a traffic stop or a person who was stopped that is confidential pursuant to subsection 5 of NRS 484B.830 or subsection 5 of NRS 484B.833, in a central repository created by the Department to track data electronically concerning traffic stops on a statewide basis; and

      2.  Make such recorded data available to the public for the purpose of allowing the inspection of statistical information concerning traffic stops, including, without limitation, the race and ethnicity of the driver with regard to all traffic stops made on all public roads other than those classified as local or minor rural roads.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1967, effective October 1, 2021, if the Department of Public Safety is able to perform its duties under this section using existing resources, or on the date on which federal funding is obtained to carry out the provisions of NRS 484B.800 to 484B.847, inclusive, if the Department of Public Safety is not able to perform its duties under this section using existing resources)

      NRS 484B.847  Regulations.  The Department may adopt any regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of NRS 484B.800 to 484B.847, inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 2021, 1968)

MISCELLANEOUS RULES

      NRS 484B.900  Rental agency not liable for traffic violation by user of rented vehicle. [Effective through December 31, 2022.]  No automobile rental agency shall be liable for any traffic violation arising out of the use of a leased or rented motor vehicle during the period such motor vehicle is not in the possession of the agency. This section does not absolve any such agency from liability for any misdemeanor committed by an officer, employee or agent of the agency.

      (Added to NRS by 1973, 1160)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.262)

      NRS 484B.900  Rental agency not liable for traffic violation by user of leased or rented vehicle under certain circumstances. [Effective January 1, 2023.]  No automobile rental agency shall be liable for any traffic violation arising out of the use of a leased or rented motor vehicle during the period such motor vehicle is not in the possession of the agency. This section does not absolve any such agency from liability for any misdemeanor or civil infraction punishable pursuant to NRS 484A.703 to 484A.705, inclusive, committed by an officer, employee or agent of the agency.

      (Added to NRS by 1973, 1160; A 2021, 3339, effective January 1, 2023)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.262)

      NRS 484B.903  Putting glass or other injurious substance on highway prohibited.

      1.  No person shall throw or deposit upon any highway any glass bottle, glass, nails, tacks, wire, cans or any other substance likely to injure any person, animal or vehicle upon such highway.

      2.  Any person who drops, or permits to be dropped or thrown, upon any highway any destructive or injurious material shall immediately remove the same or cause it to be removed.

      3.  Any person removing a wrecked or damaged vehicle from a highway shall remove any glass or other injurious substance dropped upon the highway from such vehicle.

      (Added to NRS by 1957, 504)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.465)

      NRS 484B.907  Violation of curfew by drivers who are 16 or 17 years of age; exception for scheduled events; violation does not constitute primary offense.

      1.  A person to whom a driver’s license has been issued pursuant to NRS 483.2521 shall not operate a motor vehicle between the hours of 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. unless the person is operating the vehicle to drive to or from a scheduled event. A peace officer shall not issue a citation to a person for operating a vehicle in violation of this section if the person provides evidence satisfactory to the peace officer that the reason that the person is operating the vehicle between the hours of 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. is because the person is driving to or from a scheduled event.

      2.  A peace officer shall not stop a motor vehicle for the sole purpose of determining whether the driver of the vehicle is violating subsection 1. A citation may be issued for a violation of subsection 1 only if the violation is discovered when the vehicle is halted or its driver is arrested for another violation or offense.

      (Added to NRS by 1997, 1521; A 2005, 2309)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.466)

      NRS 484B.910  Motor must be shut off when supply tank being filled with fuel.  It shall be unlawful for the driver of any motor vehicle to leave the engine of the motor vehicle running while the supply tank of the vehicle is being filled with gasoline or other motor fuel.

      [11:166:1925; NCL § 4360]—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.477)

      NRS 484B.913  Crossing fire hose.  A vehicle shall not be driven over any unprotected hose of a fire department when laid down on any highway or private way or place for use at any fire or alarm of fire or practice runs, without the consent of the fire department official in command.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1507)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.463)

      NRS 484B.917  Police officer to remove and destroy lights and sirens unlawfully installed or operated.  A police officer shall remove and destroy, or cause to be removed and destroyed, all red, blue or amber lights and all sirens unlawfully installed or operated.

      (Added to NRS by 1963, 1266; A 1985, 1041)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.493)

      NRS 484B.920  Permits required for certain parades and processions, sound trucks and oversized or overweight vehicles or equipment; duties of Department of Transportation; authority of cities and counties to provide recommendations and notice; regulations; penalty.

      1.  A procession, except a funeral procession, or parade, except the forces of the United States Armed Services, the military forces of this State and the forces of the police and fire departments, must not occupy, march or proceed along any highway except in accordance with the permit issued by the proper public authority.

      2.  A sound truck or other vehicle equipped with an amplifier or loudspeaker must not be driven upon any highway for the purpose of selling, offering for sale or advertising in any fashion except in accordance with a permit issued by the proper public authority.

      3.  An oversized or overweight vehicle or equipment must not be driven, occupy or proceed upon any highway except in accordance with a permit issued by the Department of Transportation.

      4.  The Department of Transportation, upon request, shall notify a city or county immediately after a permit has been issued for an oversized or overweight vehicle or equipment to be driven, occupy or proceed upon any highway under the jurisdiction of that city or county.

      5.  Nothing in chapters 484A to 484E, inclusive, of NRS prohibits a city or county affected by the issuance of permits pursuant to this section from:

      (a) Recommending to the Department of Transportation the establishment of certain routes by which oversized or overweight vehicles may proceed through the city or county and any modifications to those routes; or

      (b) Notifying the Department of Transportation if the issuance of a permit authorizing an oversized or overweight vehicle or equipment to be driven, occupy or proceed upon a certain highway would negatively impact traffic safety or flow of traffic due to unique conditions in the city or county.

      6.  The Department of Transportation shall adopt regulations regarding the issuance of permits for oversized or overweight vehicles or equipment to be driven, occupy or proceed upon any highway that is under the jurisdiction of a county whose population is less than 700,000, or a city in a county whose population is less than 700,000. The regulations may limit the movement of oversized or overweight vehicles to certain:

      (a) Routes;

      (b) Hours of the day; or

      (c) Days of the week,

Ê to ensure public safety.

      7.  Any person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

      (Added to NRS by 1969, 1506; A 1985, 945; 1987, 1103; 2007, 2733; 2011, 1289)—(Substituted in revision for NRS 484.471)